Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS Villenave d'Ornon, France ; Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, Université de Bordeaux Villenave d'Ornon, France.
Front Plant Sci. 2013 Apr 25;4:114. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00114. eCollection 2013.
Plastoglobules are globular compartments found in plastids. Before initial proteomic studies were published, these particles were often viewed as passive lipid droplets whose unique role was to store lipids coming from the thylakoid turn-over, or to accumulate carotenoids in the chromoplasts. Yet, two proteomic studies, published concomitantly, suggested for the first time that plastoglobules are more than "junk cupboards" for lipids. Indeed, both studies demonstrated that plastoglobules do not only include structural proteins belonging to the plastoglobulin/fibrillin family, but also contain active enzymes. The specific plastoglobule localization of these enzymes has been confirmed by different approaches such as immunogold localization and GFP protein fusions, thus providing evidence that plastoglobules actively participate in diverse pathways of plastid metabolism. These proteomic studies have been the basis for numerous recent works investigating plastoglobule function. However, a lot still needs to be discovered about the molecular composition and the role of plastoglobules. In this chapter, we will describe how the proteomic approaches have launched new perspectives on plastoglobule functions.
质体小球是在质体中发现的球形隔室。在最初的蛋白质组学研究发表之前，这些颗粒通常被视为被动的脂滴，其独特的作用是储存来自类囊体周转的脂质，或在有色体中积累类胡萝卜素。然而，两项同时发表的蛋白质组学研究首次表明，质体小球不仅仅是脂质的“废物柜”。事实上，这两项研究都表明，质体小球不仅包含属于质体球蛋白/原纤维家族的结构蛋白，还含有活性酶。通过免疫金定位和 GFP 蛋白融合等不同方法已经证实了这些酶的特定质体小球定位，从而提供了质体小球积极参与质体代谢多种途径的证据。这些蛋白质组学研究为许多最近研究质体小球功能的工作提供了基础。然而，关于质体小球的分子组成和功能还有很多需要发现。在本章中，我们将描述蛋白质组学方法如何为质体小球功能开辟新的视角。
