Department of Psychology, California State University, Chico, CA, 95929-0234, USA.
J Exp Anal Behav. 2013 Jul;100(1):88-101. doi: 10.1002/jeab.28. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
Multiple schedules have been used in behavioral pharmacology research to show that a drug's effect on behavior can be a function of the schedule of reinforcement that supports that behavior. However, less research has examined whether the context of the schedule of reinforcement in a multiple schedule can change the drug's effect on behavior. We examined the effects of acute chlordiazepoxide and d-amphetamine injections on the behavior of two groups of pigeons trained on a three-component multiple schedule with identical schedules of reinforcement in the first and last components. For one group of pigeons reinforcement was unavailable during the middle component (decreased-middle-component). For the second group reinforcement rate was higher during the middle component than during the first or third components (increased-middle-component). In the decreased-middle-component group, chlordiazepoxide (3.2-32 mg/kg) decreased third-component response rates less than it decreased responding in the first component. Conversely, in the increased-middle-component group, chlordiazepoxide (3.2-10 mg/kg) decreased third-component response rates more than in the first component. In both groups, d-amphetamine did not differentially affect response rates across components. These results are consistent with previous research showing that drugs can differentially affect responding to two different schedules of reinforcement during the same session, and suggest that pharmacological preparations may be helpful in elucidating the mechanisms that control multiple schedule interactions.
多种时间表已被用于行为药理学研究，以表明药物对行为的影响可能是支持该行为的强化时间表的函数。然而，较少的研究检查了强化时间表的上下文在多重时间表中是否可以改变药物对行为的影响。我们研究了急性地西泮和苯丙胺对两组在具有相同强化时间表的三成分多重时间表上训练的鸽子行为的影响。对于一组鸽子，中间成分期间没有强化（减少中间成分）。对于第二组，中间成分的强化率高于第一成分或第三成分（增加中间成分）。在减少中间成分的组中，地西泮（3.2-32mg/kg）降低第三成分反应率的程度小于降低第一成分的反应率。相反，在增加中间成分的组中，地西泮（3.2-10mg/kg）降低第三成分反应率的程度大于第一成分。在两组中，安非他命都没有在成分之间对反应率产生差异影响。这些结果与先前的研究一致，表明药物可以在同一时间段内对两种不同的强化时间表产生不同的影响，这表明药理学制剂可能有助于阐明控制多重时间表相互作用的机制。
