Martinson Melissa L, McLanahan Sara, Brooks-Gunn Jeanne
Ann Am Acad Pol Soc Sci. 2012 Sep;643(1):219-238. doi: 10.1177/0002716212445750.
Child overweight is a growing problem in wealthy countries. There is also evidence that child overweight varies by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. In this article, the authors use data from two recent birth cohort studies in the United States and England to address four questions: (1) Are race/ethnic and immigrant status associated with child overweight? (2) Is the association between socioeconomic status and child overweight similar across race/ethnic and nativity subgroups? (3) Does the age of immigrant mothers at migration moderate the association between immigrant status and child overweight? and (4) Does maternal obesity mediate the association between race/ethnicity and nativity and child overweight? Findings indicate that (1) race/ethnicity and immigrant status are risk factors for child overweight in both countries, (2) the influence of socioeconomic status differs by subgroup, (3) mother's age at migration does not moderate the association, and (4) mother's obesity mediates some of the race/ethnic disparities in child overweight.
儿童超重问题在富裕国家日益严重。有证据表明，儿童超重情况因种族/族裔和社会经济地位而异。在本文中，作者利用美国和英国近期两项出生队列研究的数据来回答四个问题：（1）种族/族裔和移民身份与儿童超重有关吗？（2）社会经济地位与儿童超重之间的关联在不同种族/族裔和出生国家亚组中是否相似？（3）移民母亲移民时的年龄是否会缓和移民身份与儿童超重之间的关联？以及（4）母亲肥胖是否介导了种族/族裔、出生国家与儿童超重之间的关联？研究结果表明：（1）在这两个国家，种族/族裔和移民身份都是儿童超重的风险因素；（2）社会经济地位的影响因亚组而异；（3）母亲移民时的年龄并未缓和这种关联；（4）母亲肥胖介导了儿童超重方面的一些种族/族裔差异。
