Faculty of Medicine, Kassala University, PO Box 496, Kassala, Sudan.
Malar J. 2013 May 1;12:148. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-148.
There have been few published reports on severe Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria among adults in Africa.
Clinical pattern/manifestations of severe P. falciparum and P. vivax (according to World Health Organization 2000 criteria) were described in adult patients admitted to Kassala Hospital, eastern Sudan.
A total of 139 adult patients (80 males, 57.6%) with a mean (SD) age of 37.2 (1.5) years presented with severe P. falciparum (113, 81.3%) or P. vivax (26, 18.7%) malaria. Manifestations among the 139 patients included hypotension (38, 27.3%), cerebral malaria (23, 16.5%), repeated convulsions (18, 13.0%), hypoglycaemia (15, 10.8%), hyperparasitaemia (14, 10.1%), jaundice (14, 10.1%), severe anaemia (10, 7.2%), bleeding (six, 4.3%), renal impairment (one, 0.7%) and more than one criteria (27, 19.4%). While the geometric mean of the parasite count was significantly higher in patients with severe P. vivax than with severe P. falciparum malaria (5,934.2 vs 13,906.6 asexual stage parasitaemia per μL, p = 0.013), the different disease manifestations were not significantly different between patients with P. falciparum or P. vivax malaria. Three patients (2.2%) died due to severe P. falciparum malaria. One had cerebral malaria, the second had renal impairment, jaundice and hypoglycaemia, and the third had repeated convulsions and hypotension.
Severe malaria due to P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria is an existing entity among adults in eastern Sudan. Patients with severe P. falciparum and P. vivax develop similar disease manifestations.
在非洲，成人中重度恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫疟疾的报道较少。
根据世界卫生组织 2000 年标准，描述了苏丹东部卡萨拉医院收治的成人重度恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫（以下简称疟原虫）患者的临床特征/表现。
共有 139 名成年患者（80 名男性，占 57.6%），平均年龄（标准差）为 37.2（1.5）岁，患有重度恶性疟原虫（113 例，占 81.3%）或间日疟原虫（26 例，占 18.7%）疟疾。139 例患者的临床表现包括低血压（38 例，占 27.3%）、脑型疟（23 例，占 16.5%）、反复抽搐（18 例，占 13.0%）、低血糖（15 例，占 10.8%）、高疟原虫血症（14 例，占 10.1%）、黄疸（14 例，占 10.1%）、严重贫血（10 例，占 7.2%）、出血（6 例，占 4.3%）、肾功能损害（1 例，占 0.7%）和有多种临床表现（27 例，占 19.4%）。重度间日疟原虫疟疾患者的寄生虫计数几何均数显著高于重度恶性疟原虫疟疾患者（5934.2 与 13906.6 个疟原虫无性生殖期/μL，p=0.013），但恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫疟疾患者的不同临床表现无显著差异。3 例（2.2%）重度恶性疟原虫疟疾患者死亡。其中 1 例为脑型疟，第 2 例为肾功能损害、黄疸、低血糖，第 3 例为反复抽搐、低血压。
苏丹东部成年人群中存在由恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫引起的重度疟疾。重度恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫疟疾患者的临床表现相似。
