Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Chemosphere. 2013 Jul;92(5):570-5. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.007. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Lasalocid is a veterinary ionophore antibiotic used for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry. It enters the environment with the use of contaminated manure on agricultural land. Despite its extensive use, the effects of lasalocid on non-target soil organisms are poorly explored. We used classical subleathal ecotoxicity tests to assess the effects of lasalocid on earthworms (Eisenia andrei) and isopods (Porcellio scaber) and compared the results with tests using avoidance behaviour as the endpoint. The results showed that avoidance is a much more sensitive endpoint. For earthworms, EC50 for avoidance (12.3 mg kg(-1) dry soil) was more than five times lower than EC50 for reproduction (69.6 mg kg(-1) dry soil). In isopods the sensitivity of the behavioural response test was even higher. While the highest lasalocid concentration 202 mg kg(-1) had no significant effects on isopod growth or survival, already the lowest used concentration in the behavioural assay (4.51 mg kg(-1)) caused significant impact on isopod behaviour. Using the avoidance test results for calculating the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) of lasalocid to soil invertebrates, the value is close to the predicted environmental concentration (PEC). This indicates that the use of lasalocid-contaminated manure could potentially impair the habitat function of agricultural soils.
拉沙里菌素是一种兽用离子载体抗生素，用于预防和治疗家禽球虫病。它随着受污染粪便在农业用地上的使用而进入环境。尽管拉沙里菌素被广泛使用，但它对非靶标土壤生物的影响仍未得到充分探索。我们使用经典的亚致死生态毒性试验来评估拉沙里菌素对蚯蚓（赤子爱胜蚓）和潮虫（光滑真涡虫）的影响，并将结果与使用回避行为作为终点的试验进行了比较。结果表明，回避是一个更敏感的终点。对于蚯蚓，回避的 EC50（12.3mgkg-1干土）是繁殖的 EC50（69.6mgkg-1干土）的五倍多。在潮虫中，行为反应试验的敏感性甚至更高。虽然最高拉沙里菌素浓度 202mgkg-1对潮虫的生长或存活没有显著影响，但在行为测定中使用的最低浓度（4.51mgkg-1）已经对潮虫的行为产生了显著影响。使用回避试验的结果来计算拉沙里菌素对土壤无脊椎动物的预测无效应浓度（PNEC），该值接近预测环境浓度（PEC）。这表明使用受拉沙里菌素污染的粪便可能会损害农业土壤的栖息地功能。
