Rusby Julie C, Westling Erika, Crowley Ryann, Light John M
1Oregon Research Institute, Eugene, OR, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2014 Feb;41(1):42-51. doi: 10.1177/1090198113485753. Epub 2013 May 2.
This study examines physical and sedentary activities of early adolescent boys and girls using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), a method that can link mood and behaviors in specific social situations. Twenty-seven assessments were collected across 7 days from 82 participating adolescents, three times in seventh grade and one time in eighth grade. Assessments were completed during nonschool hours when youth had "free time." Gender differences, longitudinal trends, and associations of physical activities (PA) and small screen recreation (SSR) with moods and peer presence are examined. Boys were engaged in PA more than girls. Patterns of PA differed by gender; boys significantly decreased PA from seventh to eighth grade, whereas girls had increased PA only during the spring. PA was associated with happier mood and was more likely to occur in the presence of peers. SSR significantly increased from seventh grade to eighth grade for both boys and girls. SSR occurred more when youth were alone and was not associated with mood. Neither PA nor SSR was more likely to occur during weekdays or weekends. Implications for intervention efforts to increase PA in youth are discussed.
本研究采用生态瞬时评估法（EMA）对青春期早期男孩和女孩的身体活动和久坐行为进行了考察，该方法能够将特定社交情境中的情绪与行为联系起来。从82名参与研究的青少年中，在7天内收集了27次评估数据，七年级时进行了三次，八年级时进行了一次。评估在青少年有“自由时间”的非上课时间完成。研究考察了性别差异、纵向趋势，以及身体活动（PA）和小屏幕娱乐（SSR）与情绪及同伴在场情况之间的关联。男孩比女孩参与身体活动的时间更多。身体活动模式存在性别差异；男孩从七年级到八年级身体活动显著减少，而女孩仅在春季身体活动有所增加。身体活动与更愉悦的情绪相关，并且更有可能在有同伴在场时发生。男孩和女孩的小屏幕娱乐从七年级到八年级均显著增加。小屏幕娱乐在青少年独处时出现得更多，且与情绪无关。无论是身体活动还是小屏幕娱乐，在工作日或周末发生的可能性并无差异。文中讨论了针对增加青少年身体活动的干预措施的意义。
