Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Neurochem Res. 2013 Aug;38(8):1580-9. doi: 10.1007/s11064-013-1059-3. Epub 2013 May 3.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the presence of neuropathological lesions containing amyloid plaques (APs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) associated with neuroinflammation and neuronal degeneration. Hippocampus is one of the earliest and severely damaged areas in AD brain. Glia maturation factor (GMF), a known proinflammatory molecule is up-regulated in AD. Here, we have investigated the expression and distribution of GMF in relation to the distribution of APs and NFTs in the hippocampus of AD brains. Our immunohistochemical results showed GMF is expressed specifically in the vicinity of high density of APs and NFTs in the hippocampus of AD patients. Moreover, reactive astrocytes and activated microglia surrounds the APs and NFTs. We further demonstrate that GMF immunoreactive glial cells were increased at the sites of Tau containing NFTs and APs of hippocampus in AD brains. In conclusion, up-regulated expression of GMF in the hippocampus, and the co-localization of GMF and thioflavin-S stained NFTs and APs suggest that GMF may play important role in the pathogenesis of AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）的特征是存在包含淀粉样斑块（APs）和神经原纤维缠结（NFTs）的神经病理学病变，这些病变与神经炎症和神经元变性有关。海马体是 AD 大脑中最早和严重受损的区域之一。神经胶质细胞成熟因子（GMF）是一种已知的促炎分子，在 AD 中上调。在这里，我们研究了 GMF 在 AD 大脑中海马体中与 AP 和 NFT 分布的关系。我们的免疫组织化学结果表明，GMF 特异性表达于 AD 患者海马体中 AP 和 NFT 高密度的附近。此外，反应性星形胶质细胞和活化的小胶质细胞围绕着 AP 和 NFT。我们进一步证明，在 AD 大脑中海马体中含有 Tau 的 NFT 和 AP 部位，GMF 免疫反应性神经胶质细胞增加。总之，GMF 在海马体中的上调表达，以及 GMF 和硫黄素-S 染色的 NFT 和 AP 的共定位表明，GMF 可能在 AD 的发病机制中发挥重要作用。
