Rashmi B M, Patil Shailaja S, Sindhu B M, Patil S V
Department of Community Medicine, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India.
Department of Community Medicine, BLDE Deemed to be University, Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2021 Jan-Mar;46(1):24-29. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_85_20. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Asthma prevalence and severity is increasing among Indian children. There is the paucity of data on pediatric asthma in rural India and treatment received by asthmatics is not up-to-standard treatment guidelines.
The aim is to estimate asthma prevalence and factors influencing access to standard asthmatic care among 5-15 years aged children.
Cross-sectional study conducted in rural north-Karnataka for 1 year.
The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire was administered to participants followed by clinical examination. A child was considered as asthmatic if there was affirmative response to: (a) History of wheeze in the past 12 months, (b) Physician diagnosed/ever asthma, (c) history of taking inhaled/oral bronchodilators.
All characteristics were summarized descriptively.
Prevalence of Current-wheeze, Ever-asthma, and wheeze on exertion were 4%, 2%, and 3.7%, respectively. About 63.9% of asthmatics had severe-asthma and 44.4% reported severe attack of wheezing limiting speech. About 89% of current-wheezers used only oral medications for wheeze/asthma, 50% did not take medicines as per doctors' advice. None availed regular follow-up. Financial constraints and ignorance were major reasons cited.
Illiteracy, poverty, lack of proper guidelines, and non-availability of inhalational medications have affected treatment adherence resulting in severe asthma.
印度儿童哮喘的患病率和严重程度正在上升。印度农村地区儿童哮喘的数据匮乏，哮喘患者接受的治疗未达到标准治疗指南。
旨在估计5至15岁儿童的哮喘患病率以及影响获得标准哮喘护理的因素。
在北卡纳塔克邦农村地区进行了为期1年的横断面研究。
对参与者进行了儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究问卷调查，随后进行临床检查。如果对以下问题有肯定回答，则儿童被视为哮喘患者：(a)过去12个月内有喘息病史，(b)医生诊断为/曾患哮喘，(c)有使用吸入性/口服支气管扩张剂的病史。
所有特征均进行描述性总结。
当前喘息、曾患哮喘和运动性喘息的患病率分别为4%、2%和3.7%。约63.9%的哮喘患者患有重度哮喘，44.4%报告有严重喘息发作导致说话受限。约89%的当前喘息患者仅使用口服药物治疗喘息/哮喘，50%未按医生建议服药。无人接受定期随访。主要原因是经济限制和无知。
文盲、贫困、缺乏适当的指导方针以及吸入药物的不可获得影响了治疗依从性，导致重度哮喘。
