Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, No. 1, Zaria Road, PMB 3254, Kano, Nigeria.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2013 Aug;27(4):497-508. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.03.006. Epub 2013 May 1.
A crucial element in the delivery of high-quality health care is patient safety. The rate of adverse events among hospital patients is an indication of patient safety. A systematic review of in-hospital adverse events revealed the median incidence of adverse events as 9.2%; 7.4% were lethal and 43.5% preventable. All the studies in the systemic review were from developed countries, as research is lacking from developing countries. In 2012, data from 10 developing countries reported adverse events ranging from 2.5 to 18.4% per country; 30% were lethal and 83% preventable. This study places patient safety as one of the major concerns of the health policy agenda in developing countries. Human resources for health deficits in developing countries constitute a major structural constraint for ensuring patient safety. The key to reducing adverse events in health care is system-based interventions rather than clinical interventions or technologies. Patient safety skills training, effective communication, and good team work are essential in improving patient safety in developing countries. Research on patient safety is needed to address the knowledge gap in developing countries.
在提供高质量医疗保健方面，患者安全是一个至关重要的因素。医院患者不良事件的发生率是患者安全的一个指标。一项对院内不良事件的系统回顾显示，不良事件的中位数发生率为 9.2%；7.4%是致命的，43.5%是可以预防的。系统评价中的所有研究都来自发达国家，因为发展中国家缺乏研究。2012 年，来自 10 个发展中国家的数据报告了每个国家 2.5%至 18.4%的不良事件；30%是致命的，83%是可以预防的。这项研究将患者安全作为发展中国家卫生政策议程的主要关注点之一。发展中国家人力资源短缺是确保患者安全的一个主要结构性制约因素。减少医疗保健中不良事件的关键是基于系统的干预措施，而不是临床干预或技术。在发展中国家，患者安全技能培训、有效沟通和良好的团队合作对于提高患者安全至关重要。需要开展患者安全研究，以解决发展中国家的知识差距问题。
