CBET Res Grp, Res Ctr Experimental Marine Biology & Biotechnology (PIE) & Zoology & Cell Biology Dept. (Science and Technology Fac.), Univ Basque Country (UPV/EHU), PO Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
Aquat Toxicol. 2013 Jul 15;136-137:32-48. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.03.008. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
Native and caged mussels were used in combination for the monitoring of pollution biological effects through an integrative biomarker approach. Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were deployed in cages in two well-known model localities with different pollution levels in the Basque coast. After 3 weeks caged and native mussels were collected from each site and a suite of effect and exposure biomarkers (from molecular/cellular to organism level) was applied and chemical contaminants (metals, PAHs, PCBs, phthalates and nonylphenol ethoxylates) were analytically determined. Integrative biomarker indices and pollutant indices of tissues were calculated. Several biomarkers used herein responded similarly in native and caged mussels, whereas others exhibited significant differences. Overall, biomarkers in-a-suite depicted site-specific profiles useful for the diagnostic of mussel health status and therefore for ecosystem health assessment in marine pollution biomonitoring. On the other hand, biomarkers and bioaccumulation exhibited different response times, which was especially evident when comparing biomarker and pollutant indices of tissues. The suite of biomarkers was more sensitive after caging (short-term response), whereas tissue pollutant concentrations were more sensitive in native mussels (long-term response). Thus, the combination of native and caged mussels is highly recommended to monitor biological effects of pollution in mussels through the integrative biomarker approach, especially in chronically polluted sites.
采用贝类养殖和天然贝类相结合的方法，通过综合生物标志物方法监测污染的生物效应。贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）被放置在巴斯克海岸两个具有不同污染水平的知名模型地点的笼子里。3 周后，从每个地点收集笼养和天然贻贝，并应用一系列效应和暴露生物标志物（从分子/细胞水平到生物水平），同时分析化学污染物（金属、多环芳烃、多氯联苯、邻苯二甲酸酯和壬基酚乙氧基化物）。计算组织的综合生物标志物指数和污染物指数。本文中使用的几种生物标志物在天然和笼养贻贝中的反应相似，而其他生物标志物则表现出显著差异。总体而言，一整套生物标志物描绘了特定于地点的特征，可用于诊断贻贝的健康状况，从而可用于海洋污染生物监测中的生态系统健康评估。另一方面，生物标志物和生物累积表现出不同的响应时间，这在比较组织中的生物标志物和污染物指数时尤为明显。在笼养后，生物标志物一整套的反应更为敏感（短期响应），而天然贻贝中的组织污染物浓度更为敏感（长期响应）。因此，强烈建议采用天然和笼养贝类相结合的方法，通过综合生物标志物方法监测贻贝的污染生物效应，尤其是在长期受到污染的地点。
