Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Carbohydr Polym. 2013 Jun 20;95(2):697-715. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.040. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
Composites made solely from polysaccharides are mostly ecological because they can degrade without leaving behind ecologically harmful residues, in contrast to composites which contain synthetic polymers. Herein, the following groups of all-polysaccharide composites (APCs) are discussed: an all-cellulose group that includes cotton composites, cellulose combined with other polysaccharides, as well as those based on chitin/chitosan, heparin, hyaluronan, xylan, glucomannan, pectin, xyloglucan, arabinan, starch, carrageenan, alginate, galactan as one of the components in combination with other polysaccharides. They can be used in medical, paper, food, packing, textile, electronic, mechanical engineering and other applications. The composites were tested for absorptivity, biodegradability, crystallinity, rheology, and mechanical, optical, separation, gelling, pasting, film-forming, adhesive, antimicrobial properties, as well as water vapor permeability, water repellency, dye uptake, and fire-retardancy. Except for food applications, composites based on more than two types of polysaccharides have rarely been used and many possible combinations remain unexplored.
仅由多糖制成的复合材料大多是生态友好的，因为它们可以在不留下对生态有害的残留物的情况下降解，与含有合成聚合物的复合材料形成对比。在此，讨论了以下几组全多糖复合材料（APCs）：全纤维素组，包括棉复合材料、与其他多糖结合的纤维素，以及基于壳聚糖/壳聚糖、肝素、透明质酸、木聚糖、葡甘露聚糖、果胶、木葡聚糖、阿拉伯聚糖、淀粉、卡拉胶、藻酸盐、半乳糖作为与其他多糖结合的一种成分的那些。它们可用于医学、纸张、食品、包装、纺织、电子、机械工程和其他应用。对复合材料进行了吸湿性、生物降解性、结晶度、流变学以及机械、光学、分离、胶凝、糊化、成膜、粘合、抗菌性能以及水蒸气透过性、拒水性、染料吸收和阻燃性的测试。除了食品应用外，基于两种以上多糖的复合材料很少被使用，许多可能的组合仍未被探索。
