Department Of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2013 Aug;13(4):476-80. doi: 10.1007/s11892-013-0382-z.
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a significant cause of vision loss and represents an important clinical and public health problem. It is characterized by breakdown of the blood retinal barrier with fluid accumulation in the sub-retinal and intra-retinal spaces. Although several hypotheses exist for the causes of diabetic macular edema, specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Current thinking includes the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inflammatory cytokines in vascular permeability. We review studies showing a relationship between elevated aqueous VEGF, monocyte chemoattractant protein -1, interleukin 6, or interleukin 8 in association with DME and as predictors of DME. The presence of mediators in both the angiogenesis and inflammatory pathways data suggest a multifactorial model for the development of DME. Further studies targeting individual cytokine activity will be important to our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment.
糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)是视力丧失的一个重要原因,也是一个重要的临床和公共卫生问题。其特征是视网膜下和视网膜内空间的液体积累伴随着血视网膜屏障的破坏。尽管存在几种关于糖尿病性黄斑水肿病因的假说,但特定的分子机制仍不清楚。目前的观点包括血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和炎症细胞因子在血管通透性中的作用。我们回顾了一些研究,这些研究表明,在与 DME 相关的房水中 VEGF、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1、白细胞介素 6 或白细胞介素 8 升高与 DME 之间存在关联,并可作为 DME 的预测因子。血管生成和炎症途径中介质的存在表明 DME 的发生是一个多因素模型。针对单个细胞因子活性的进一步研究对于我们理解发病机制和治疗方法非常重要。