Central Ohio Poison Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital,Columbus, OH, USA.
Pediatrics. 2013 Jun;131(6):1139-47. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-3913. Epub 2013 May 6.
To generate national estimates of hydrocarbon-related exposures occurring in children ≤5 years of age who were treated in US emergency departments or called a regional poison control center.
This retrospective review compared hydrocarbon-related injuries that occurred from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2009, that were reported to the National Poison Data System and the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for children ≤5 years of age.
From 2000 through 2009, the National Poison Data System reported 65 756 actual calls to regional poison centers, and the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System reported an estimated 40 158 emergency department visits for hydrocarbon-related injuries. Individuals involved were predominantly male and 1 to 2 years of age. Ingestion was the most common mechanism of injury, and most injuries did not result in hospitalization. The rate of emergency department visits and calls to poison centers decreased significantly (P < .0001) over the 10-year study period. Exposures to hydrocarbons demonstrated seasonal variation, with more occurrences in the summer months.
The comparison of the two data sets illustrates a similar trend in hydrocarbon-related injuries in children. Although cases have declined, most likely due to existing prevention efforts, hydrocarbons are still a large source of preventable exposure and injury in children.
生成美国急诊部门或地区中毒控制中心治疗的≤5 岁儿童中与碳氢化合物相关的暴露的国家估计值。
本回顾性研究比较了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2009 年 12 月 31 日期间向国家中毒数据系统和国家电子伤害监测系统报告的≤5 岁儿童与碳氢化合物相关的伤害。
2000 年至 2009 年期间，国家中毒数据系统报告了 65756 例实际向地区中毒中心的呼叫，国家电子伤害监测系统报告了估计有 40158 例与碳氢化合物相关的伤害的急诊就诊。涉及的个体主要为男性和 1 至 2 岁。摄入是最常见的伤害机制，大多数伤害无需住院治疗。在 10 年的研究期间，急诊就诊和向中毒中心的呼叫率显著下降（P <.0001）。碳氢化合物暴露存在季节性变化，夏季发生的次数更多。
两个数据集的比较说明了儿童中与碳氢化合物相关的伤害的相似趋势。尽管病例有所下降，这很可能是由于现有预防措施所致，但碳氢化合物仍然是儿童可预防暴露和伤害的重要来源。
