State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; College of Bioengineering, Beijing Polytechnic, Beijing, 100029, China.
J Sci Food Agric. 2014 Jan 30;94(2):180-8. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.6216. Epub 2013 Jul 4.
Berries are known to be rich in anthocyanins. These compounds give berries their distinctive colors and, more importantly, have several health benefits, such as contributing to the prevention of heart disease, cancer and inflammatory disease. In this study, anthocyanin-rich extracts from 12 colored berries found in northern China were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS). Total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC) and antioxidant capacity (AOC) of the berries were assayed. The contribution of anthocyanins in the berries to their antioxidant capacity and bioactivity was also investigated.
The 12 berries analyzed had typical profiles with different anthocyanin compositions, which can be considered as an indicator for differentiating berries. Cyanidin-3-xylosyl-galactoside and cyanidin-3-xylosyl-rutinoside were identified for the first time in Acanthopanax S. and Chinese dwarf cherry respectively. All berry extracts showed potent antioxidant activity, and TPC correlated well with AOC. Blue honeysuckle, blackcurrant and blueberry had higher TAC/TPC ratio, with anthocyanins contributing more to AOC. The higher flavonoid content in yellow raspberry and sea buckthorn might increase their antioxidant activity. In addition, wild raspberry had higher antioxidant activity than cultivated raspberries, but they all had lower anthocyanin content with less contribution to AOC.
There is great potential to improve human health through consumption of these colored berries, especially those high in AOC.
众所周知，浆果富含花青素。这些化合物使浆果呈现出独特的颜色，更重要的是，具有多种健康益处，如有助于预防心脏病、癌症和炎症性疾病。在这项研究中，分析了中国北方发现的 12 种彩色浆果的富含花青素的提取物，采用高效液相色谱法与二极管阵列检测和电喷雾电离质谱法（HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS）进行分析。测定了浆果的总多酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）、总花青素含量（TAC）和抗氧化能力（AOC）。还研究了浆果中的花青素对其抗氧化能力和生物活性的贡献。
分析的 12 种浆果具有不同的花青素组成，具有典型的特征，可以作为区分浆果的指标。矢车菊素-3-木糖基半乳糖苷和矢车菊素-3-木糖基芦丁糖苷首次在刺五加和中国矮樱桃中被鉴定出来。所有浆果提取物均表现出较强的抗氧化活性，TPC 与 AOC 相关性良好。蓝金银花、黑加仑和蓝莓具有较高的 TAC/TPC 比值，花青素对 AOC 的贡献更大。黄树莓和沙棘的黄酮含量较高，可能会增加其抗氧化活性。此外，野生覆盆子的抗氧化活性高于栽培覆盆子，但它们的花青素含量都较低，对 AOC 的贡献较小。
通过食用这些彩色浆果，尤其是那些 AOC 较高的浆果，有可能改善人类健康。
