Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne Parkville, VIC, Australia ; Molecular Psychiatry Laboratories, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2013 May 3;7:55. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00055. eCollection 2013.
Acetylcholine has been implicated in both the pathophysiology and treatment of a number of psychiatric disorders, with most of the data related to its role and therapeutic potential focusing on schizophrenia. However, there is little thought given to the consequences of the documented changes in the cholinergic system and how they may affect the functioning of the brain. This review looks at the cholinergic system and its interactions with the intrinsic neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-amino butyric acid as well as those with the projection neurotransmitters most implicated in the pathophysiologies of psychiatric disorders; dopamine and serotonin. In addition, with the recent focus on the role of factors normally associated with inflammation in the pathophysiologies of psychiatric disorders, links between the cholinergic system and these factors will also be examined. These interfaces are put into context, primarily for schizophrenia, by looking at the changes in each of these systems in the disorder and exploring, theoretically, whether the changes are interconnected with those seen in the cholinergic system. Thus, this review will provide a comprehensive overview of the connectivity between the cholinergic system and some of the major areas of research into the pathophysiologies of psychiatric disorders, resulting in a critical appraisal of the potential outcomes of a dysregulated central cholinergic system.
乙酰胆碱在多种精神疾病的病理生理学和治疗中都有涉及，大多数与乙酰胆碱的作用和治疗潜力相关的数据都集中在精神分裂症上。然而，人们很少考虑到胆碱能系统中已有记录的变化所带来的后果，以及这些变化可能如何影响大脑的功能。这篇综述探讨了胆碱能系统及其与内在神经递质谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸的相互作用，以及与最能反映精神疾病病理生理学的投射神经递质多巴胺和 5-羟色胺的相互作用。此外，由于最近人们关注通常与炎症相关的因素在精神疾病病理生理学中的作用，因此还将检查胆碱能系统与这些因素之间的联系。通过研究这些系统在疾病中的变化，并从理论上探讨这些变化是否与胆碱能系统中观察到的变化相互关联，将这些界面主要针对精神分裂症进行了论述。因此，这篇综述将全面概述胆碱能系统与精神疾病病理生理学研究的一些主要领域之间的联系，从而对中枢胆碱能系统失调的潜在后果进行批判性评估。
