Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminacíon Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científícas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2013 Apr;15(4):739-50. doi: 10.1039/c3em30882k.
This study is aimed at analyzing the occurrence and transport of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the Quequén Grande river basin, as representative of a catchment under diffuse pollution sources. Pollutant levels in soils, river bottom sediments (RBS), streamwater (Sw), suspended particle materials (SPMs), macrophytes and muscle of silverside were determined by GC-ECD. Soil K(d) values for the current-used insecticides, endosulfans and cypermethrin, were established. Total levels (ng g(-1) dry weight) in soil ranged between 0.07–0.9 for OCPs, 0.03–0.37 for PCBs and 0.01–0.05 for PBDEs. Endosulfan insecticide (α- + b- + sulfate metabolite) represented up to 72.5% of OCPs. The low soil retention for α-endosulfan (K(d): 77) and endosulfan sulfate (K(d): 100) allows their transport to Sw, SPM and RBS. Levels of endosulfan in Sw in some cases exceeded the value postulated by international guidelines for aquatic biota protection (3 ng L(-1)). PCB and PBDE pollution was related to harbour, dumping sites and pile tire burning. Tri and hexa PCB congeners predominated in all matrices and exceeded the quality guideline value of 0.04 ng L(-1) in Sw. Considering levels in silverside muscle, none of the oral reference doses were exceeded, however, PCBs accounted for 18.6% of the total daily allowed ingest for a 70 kg individual. Although the levels of PCBs and OCPs in soil and RBS were low and did not go beyond quality guidelines, these compounds could still represent a risk to aquatic biota and humanbeings, and thus actions towards preventing this situation should be undertaken.
本研究旨在分析 Quequén Grande 河流域（作为具有弥散污染源集水区的代表）中有机氯农药（OCPs）、多氯联苯（PCBs）和多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的发生和迁移。采用气相色谱-电子捕获检测法（GC-ECD）测定了土壤、河底沉积物（RBS）、溪流（Sw）、悬浮颗粒物（SPMs）、大型植物和银汉鱼肌肉中的污染物水平。建立了当前使用的杀虫剂硫丹和氯菊酯在土壤中的 K(d)值。土壤中 OCPs 的总浓度（ng g(-1)干重）为 0.07-0.9，PCBs 为 0.03-0.37，PBDEs 为 0.01-0.05。硫丹杀虫剂（α-+β-+硫酸盐代谢物）占 OCPs 的 72.5%。α-硫丹（K(d)：77）和硫丹硫酸盐（K(d)：100）在土壤中的低保留率允许它们迁移到 Sw、SPM 和 RBS。在某些情况下，Sw 中的硫丹浓度超过了国际水生生物保护指南规定的 3 ng L(-1)值。PCB 和 PBDE 的污染与港口、倾倒场和轮胎燃烧有关。所有基质中均以三氯和六氯 PCB 同系物为主，Sw 中的浓度超过了 0.04 ng L(-1)的质量指导值。考虑到银汉鱼肌肉中的浓度，没有一种口服参考剂量被超过，但 PCBs 占 70 公斤个体每天允许摄入总量的 18.6%。尽管土壤和 RBS 中的 PCBs 和 OCPs 水平较低且未超过质量指南，但这些化合物仍可能对水生生物和人类构成风险，因此应采取行动防止这种情况发生。
