Braathen E T, Svebak S
Department of Somatic Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1990 Jul;9(1):21-30. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(90)90004-w.
Highly skilled performers of endurance and explosive sports as well as 'mixed' sports (total n = 26) were recruited to perform perceptual-motor tasks in the laboratory. These subjects represented 'models' for testing of motivational and affective moderators of task-related tonic and phasic electromyographic (EMG) changes. They all performed a car-racing video task with their preferred hand operating the joy-stick. Surface electrodes recorded EMG activity from both legs and forearms. Psychological predictors included type of sport and self-reports on involvement during performance in the laboratory. Tonic EMG changes in the legs were not strongly related to predictor variables, whereas 'passive' forearm EMG elevations were high in the endurance sport subjects (25% of variance explained). Stepwise multiple regression analyses stated that 70% of the variance in phasic increases of active forearm EMG power was explained by four predictor variables: marked increases occurred in (1) performers of endurance sports, those who (2) felt relatively low levels of 'arousal', (3) enjoyed the task, and (4) reported being 'stressed' while performing the task. In these subjects, therefore, psychological variables related more strongly to EMG reflecting pyramidal than extrapyramidal discharges.
耐力、爆发力运动以及“混合”运动的高技能运动员（共26人）被招募到实验室进行感知运动任务。这些受试者代表了用于测试与任务相关的静息和相位肌电图（EMG）变化的动机和情感调节因素的“模型”。他们都用惯用手操作操纵杆完成一项赛车视频任务。表面电极记录双腿和前臂的肌电活动。心理预测因素包括运动类型以及在实验室表现期间关于参与度的自我报告。腿部的静息肌电变化与预测变量的相关性不强，而耐力运动受试者的“被动”前臂肌电升高较高（解释了25%的方差）。逐步多元回归分析表明，主动前臂肌电功率相位增加的70%的方差可由四个预测变量解释：显著增加发生在（1）耐力运动的运动员中，那些（2）感觉“唤醒”水平相对较低、（3）喜欢该任务、（4）报告在执行任务时感到“有压力”的人。因此，在这些受试者中，与反映锥体束而非锥体外系放电的肌电图相关更强的是心理变量。
