MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013 May 10;62(18):366-71.
On March 29, 2013, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention completed laboratory confirmation of three human infections with an avian influenza A(H7N9) virus not previously reported in humans. These infections were reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 31, 2013, in accordance with International Health Regulations. The cases involved two adults in Shanghai and one in Anhui Province. All three patients had severe pneumonia, developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and died from their illness. The cases were not epidemiologically linked. The detection of these cases initiated a cascade of activities in China, including diagnostic test development, enhanced surveillance for new cases, and investigations to identify the source(s) of infection. No evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission has been found, and no human cases of H7N9 virus infection have been detected outside China, including the United States. This report summarizes recent findings and recommendations for preparing and responding to potential H7N9 cases in the United States. Clinicians should consider the diagnosis of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection in persons with acute respiratory illness and relevant exposure history and should contact their state health departments regarding specimen collection and facilitation of confirmatory testing.
2013 年 3 月 29 日，中国疾病预防控制中心完成了对三例人类感染此前未报告的甲型流感病毒 H7N9 的实验室确认。这些感染于 2013 年 3 月 31 日按照《国际卫生条例》向世界卫生组织（世卫组织）报告。这些病例涉及上海的两名成年人和安徽省的一名成年人。所有三名患者均患有严重肺炎，发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），并因疾病而死亡。这些病例在流行病学上没有关联。这些病例的发现引发了中国一系列活动，包括诊断检测的开发、对新病例的加强监测以及对感染源的调查。尚未发现持续的人际传播证据，包括美国在内的中国境外也未检测到人类感染 H7N9 病毒的病例。本报告总结了近期的发现和建议，用于准备和应对美国可能出现的 H7N9 病例。临床医生应考虑在具有急性呼吸道疾病和相关接触史的患者中诊断甲型流感病毒 H7N9 感染，并应联系其州卫生部门进行样本采集和确认检测的便利。
