Lammi Biological Station, University of Helsinki, Lammi 16900, Finland.
Biol Lett. 2013 May 8;9(4):20130049. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2013.0049. Print 2013 Aug 23.
We investigated fitness, military rank and survival of facial phenotypes in large-scale warfare using 795 Finnish soldiers who fought in the Winter War (1939-1940). We measured facial width-to-height ratio-a trait known to predict aggressive behaviour in males-and assessed whether facial morphology could predict survival, lifetime reproductive success (LRS) and social status. We found no difference in survival along the phenotypic gradient, however, wider-faced individuals had greater LRS, but achieved a lower military rank.
我们使用 795 名参加过冬季战争（1939-1940 年）的芬兰士兵研究了大规模战争中的适应能力、军衔和面部表型的生存情况。我们测量了面部宽高比——这一特征已知可以预测男性的攻击行为——并评估了面部形态是否可以预测生存、终生生殖成功（LRS）和社会地位。然而，我们没有发现沿着表型梯度的生存差异，但是，宽面个体具有更高的 LRS，但获得的军衔较低。
