Sutker P B, Galina Z H, West J A, Allain A N
Psychology Service, VA Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70146.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990 Jun;58(3):323-8. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.58.3.323.
Former prisoners of war (POWs) from the Korean Conflict and WWII reporting confinement weight losses of greater than 35% (n = 60) and less than or equal to 35% (n = 113) and non-POW combat veterans (n = 50) were compared on WAIS-R and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) Logical Memory indices. High weight-loss POWs performed more poorly than combat veterans on Performance IQ, Arithmetic, Similarities, and Picture Completion subtests, Witkin-Goodenough Attention-Concentration Factor, and WMS Immediate and Delayed Recall and more poorly than low weight-loss POWs on Arithmetic, Attention-Concentration Factor, and the WMS immediate memory measure. Low weight-loss POWs and combat veterans differed only on WMS immediate memory. Findings support the Thygesen, Hermann, and Willanger (1970) hypothesis that severity of POW confinement stress reflected by trauma-induced weight loss is predictive of long-term compromise in cognitive performance.
对朝鲜战争和二战时期体重减轻超过35%（n = 60）、体重减轻小于或等于35%（n = 113）的前战俘以及非战俘战斗老兵（n = 50）进行了韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-R）和韦氏记忆量表（WMS）逻辑记忆指数的比较。体重减轻严重的战俘在操作智商、算术、相似性和图片完成分测验、威特金-古德伊纳夫注意力集中因子以及WMS即时和延迟回忆方面的表现比战斗老兵差，在算术、注意力集中因子和WMS即时记忆测量方面比体重减轻不严重的战俘差。体重减轻不严重的战俘和战斗老兵仅在WMS即时记忆方面存在差异。研究结果支持了蒂格森、赫尔曼和维朗热（1970）的假设，即创伤导致的体重减轻所反映的战俘拘禁压力的严重程度可预测认知表现的长期损害。
