Tomlinson B, White M A, Wilson M E
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
J Adv Nurs. 1990 Jun;15(6):683-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1990.tb01891.x.
Pregnancy as a transition in family life is perceived as a crisis by many families. Sociodemographic characteristics of families during pregnancy can serve as important sources of information to nurses in drawing out family strengths and providing assistance during this crisis. Family dynamics were measured in 160 women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Half were in their first pregnancy and half were in their second pregnancy. The research question addressed the relationship between family dynamics and several sociodemographic characteristics. Statistically significant relationships were found between the sociodemographic variables of marital and social status, and several dimensions of family dynamics. Families in which couples were married and who enjoyed a higher social status had more positive family dynamics in the dimensions of individuation, stability, flexibility, mutuality and communication. Race, maternal age and parity were not related to level of family dynamics. Strengths in families who have more positive dynamics may be explained by availability of resources, their expertise in using the system, societal approval of marriage and internal family support from the husband. It is essential for nursing care to include systematic family assessment, socialization in effectively using the health care system and individualized family guidance.
怀孕作为家庭生活中的一个转变，被许多家庭视为一场危机。孕期家庭的社会人口学特征可作为护士了解家庭优势并在这场危机中提供帮助的重要信息来源。对160名妊娠晚期女性的家庭动态进行了测量。其中一半为初产妇，另一半为经产妇。该研究问题探讨了家庭动态与若干社会人口学特征之间的关系。研究发现，婚姻和社会地位的社会人口学变量与家庭动态的几个维度之间存在统计学上的显著关系。夫妻已婚且社会地位较高的家庭在个性化、稳定性、灵活性、相互性和沟通等维度上具有更积极的家庭动态。种族、产妇年龄和产次与家庭动态水平无关。家庭动态更积极的家庭的优势可能可以通过资源的可用性、他们使用系统的专业知识、社会对婚姻的认可以及丈夫给予的家庭内部支持来解释。护理工作必须包括系统的家庭评估、有效利用医疗保健系统的社会化以及个性化的家庭指导。
