Vonlaufen Alain, Troillet François-Xavier, Armenian Berj
Service de Gastroentérologie, Hôpital de la Tour, Meyrin/Genève.
Rev Med Suisse. 2013 Apr 10;9(381):754-7.
Colorectal cancer is Europe's most frequent malignancy with an annual incidence of more than 430000 cases and a mortality approaching 50%. Fecal blood tests (guaiac fecal occult blood tests, fecal immunological tests) are primarily designed for early cancer detection. They lack sensitivity and have to be repeated annually to be effective. Optical colonoscopy allows the detection and endoscopic removal of precancerous lesions and early cancer. Hence, it represents the most comprehensive and complete--albeit invasive and expensive--screening tool available to date. More sensitive DNA-based stool and blood tests are currently under evaluation and may have the potential to influence a future screening programme, yet to be implemented in our country.
结直肠癌是欧洲最常见的恶性肿瘤，年发病率超过43万例，死亡率接近50%。粪便潜血试验（愈创木脂粪便潜血试验、粪便免疫试验）主要用于早期癌症检测。它们缺乏敏感性，必须每年重复进行才能有效。光学结肠镜检查可检测并通过内镜切除癌前病变和早期癌症。因此，它是迄今为止最全面、完整的筛查工具，尽管具有侵入性且费用高昂。目前正在评估更敏感的基于DNA的粪便和血液检测，它们可能有潜力影响未来的筛查计划，而我国尚未实施该计划。
