Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, Silcherstrasse 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2013 Jun;17(6):295-302. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2013.04.009. Epub 2013 May 7.
Self-regulation and voluntary control of circumscribed brain regions using real-time functional MRI (rt-fMRI) allows the establishment of a causal functional link between localized brain activity and behavior and cognition. A long tradition of research has clearly shown the brain's ability to learn volitional control of its own activity and effects on behavior. Yet, the underlying neural mechanism of self-regulation is still not fully understood. Here, we propose that self-regulation of brain activity is akin to skill learning and thus may depend on an intact subcortical motor system. We elaborate on the critical role of the basal ganglia in skill learning and neurofeedback, and clarify that brain-self-regulation need not be an explicit and conscious process as often mistakenly held.
使用实时功能磁共振成像（rt-fMRI）进行自我调节和对限定脑区的自主控制，使得在局部脑活动与行为和认知之间建立因果功能联系成为可能。长期以来的研究传统清楚地表明，大脑具有学习自主控制自身活动及其对行为影响的能力。然而，自我调节的潜在神经机制仍未完全理解。在这里，我们提出大脑活动的自我调节类似于技能学习，因此可能依赖于完整的皮质下运动系统。我们详细阐述了基底神经节在技能学习和神经反馈中的关键作用，并澄清了大脑自我调节不一定像通常错误认为的那样是一个明确和有意识的过程。
