School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Adv Mar Biol. 2013;64:27-63. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-410466-2.00002-9.
This review summarizes the data on habitat, population ecology and ecosystem roles of Nephrops norvegicus. The species has a broad range in the northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean, although it is possible that small or isolated patches of suitable habitat may not be occupied due to restrictions on larval supply. Nephrops densities are related to the silt-clay content of sediments, with interactions between habitat quality and density indicating competition for resources. An analysis of density-size interactions across fishery functional management units (FUs) suggests that growth is suppressed at high densities due to competition (e.g. in the western Irish Sea), although recruitment dynamics or size-selective mortality may also shape the size structure of populations. Nephrops biomass available across FUs may be similar, reflecting a constant yield due to the inverse relationship between individual size and population density. Gaps in the understanding of Nephrops' ecology reflect uncertain ageing criteria, reliance on fisheries-dependent data and few if any undisturbed habitats in which to examine fisheries-independent interactions.
本综述总结了挪威海螯虾的栖息地、种群生态学和生态系统作用的数据。该物种分布范围广泛，分布于东北大西洋和地中海，但由于幼虫供应的限制，可能存在一些小的或孤立的适宜栖息地斑块未被占据。挪威海螯虾的密度与沉积物的粉砂-粘土含量有关，栖息地质量和密度之间的相互作用表明存在资源竞争。对渔业功能管理单位（FU）的密度-大小相互作用的分析表明，由于竞争（例如在爱尔兰西部海域），高密度会抑制生长，尽管捕捞动态或大小选择性死亡也可能影响种群的大小结构。跨越 FU 的挪威海螯虾生物量可能相似，这反映了由于个体大小和种群密度之间的反比关系，导致产量保持稳定。对挪威海螯虾生态学的理解存在差距，这反映了不确定的年龄鉴定标准、对渔业依赖数据的依赖，以及几乎没有未受干扰的栖息地可以用来研究与渔业无关的相互作用。
