College of Pharmacy, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford, OK, USA.
Ann Pharmacother. 2013 Jun;47(6):897-903. doi: 10.1345/aph.1S018. Epub 2013 May 14.
To determine whether gabapentin is effective in the treatment of persistent or intractable hiccups.
A search of MEDLINE (1966-March 2013) using the MeSH search terms gabapentin, hiccups, and hiccups/drug therapy was performed. Additional databases searched included Web of Science (1945-March 2013) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-March 2013) using the text words gabapentin and hiccups. Bibliographies of relevant articles were reviewed for additional citations.
All data sources were considered for inclusion. Preference was given for articles written in English, although one abstract in German was used.
Because of the low incidence of persistent or intractable hiccups, few if any controlled clinical trials are conducted on the efficacy of drug treatment. Therefore, most of the data involve case reports or case series. We evaluated 17 case reports and 2 case series involving gabapentin therapy for persistent or intractable hiccups. Therapeutic outcomes with gabapentin were positive in all cases, with temporal evidence suggesting an effect, but outcomes often were obscured by combination therapy and comorbidities in some cases. Case reports suggest that gabapentin might be useful as a second-line agent in patients undergoing stroke rehabilitation or in the palliative care setting where chlorpromazine adverse effects are undesirable. Gabapentin was very well tolerated, with only a few minor adverse effects.
Gabapentin has a similar body of evidence as other pharmacotherapeutic agents used to treat hiccups. Gabapentin is well tolerated and should be considered as a second-line agent in selected patients.
确定加巴喷丁治疗持续性或顽固性呃逆是否有效。
使用 MeSH 搜索词“gabapentin、hiccups 和 hiccups/drug therapy”对 MEDLINE（1966 年至 2013 年 3 月）进行了搜索。还搜索了 Web of Science（1945 年至 2013 年 3 月）和 International Pharmaceutical Abstracts（1970 年至 2013 年 3 月），使用的文本词为“gabapentin 和 hiccups”。还查阅了相关文章的参考文献以获取其他引文。
所有资料来源均被认为可纳入。虽然使用了一篇德文摘要，但首选英语撰写的文章。
由于持续性或顽固性呃逆的发病率较低，因此很少有（如果有的话）针对药物治疗疗效的对照临床试验。因此，大多数数据涉及病例报告或病例系列。我们评估了 17 份涉及加巴喷丁治疗持续性或顽固性呃逆的病例报告和 2 份病例系列。在所有情况下，加巴喷丁治疗的疗效均为阳性，有时间证据表明有疗效，但在某些情况下，由于联合治疗和合并症，结果往往不明确。病例报告表明，加巴喷丁可能对正在接受中风康复或姑息治疗的患者有用，因为氯丙嗪的不良反应不理想。加巴喷丁的耐受性非常好，只有少数轻微不良反应。
加巴喷丁作为治疗呃逆的其他药物治疗剂具有相似的证据基础。加巴喷丁的耐受性良好，应在选定的患者中作为二线药物考虑。
