Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
BMC Cancer. 2022 Jun 15;22(1):659. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09760-5.
To our knowledge, previous studies have not investigated hiccups in patients with cancer with detailed patient-level data with the goal of capturing a broad spectrum of hiccup symptomatology.
This multi-site, single institution study examined consecutive medical records to better understand hiccups in patients with cancer.
A total of 320 patients are the focus of this report. The median age of patients when hiccups were first reported in the medical record was 63 years (range: 21, 97 years) with 284 (89%) men and 36 (11%) women. The most common diagnose was gastrointestinal cancer. Hiccups most frequently occurred daily, as seen in 194 patients (62%), and the most common duration was less than 1 week, as seen in 146 patients (47%). However, nine patients had had daily hiccups for greater than 6 weeks, and 5 had symptoms for years. Cited etiology was non-chemotherapy medications in 36 (11%) and cancer chemotherapy in 19 (6%). Complications occurred in approximately a third and included insomnia in 51 patients (16%); hospitalization or emergency department visit in 34 (11%); and musculoskeletal pain in 23 (7%). Baclofen was the single most prescribed agent for hiccup palliation, but 100 patients received more than one medication. Medical procedures, which included acupuncture, paracentesis, or phrenic nerve block, were performed in 5 patients. In 234 patients (73%), the medical record documented hiccup cessation.
Hiccups appear to be highly problematic in a small subset of patients with cancer with no well-defined palliative approaches.
据我们所知，之前的研究并未针对癌症患者的呃逆进行详细的患者水平数据调查，旨在全面了解呃逆的症状表现。
本多中心单机构研究通过连续查阅病历，以更好地了解癌症患者呃逆的情况。
本报告共纳入 320 例患者。呃逆首次在病历中记录时，患者的中位年龄为 63 岁（范围：21~97 岁），其中 284 例（89%）为男性，36 例（11%）为女性。最常见的诊断为胃肠道癌症。194 例（62%）患者每日发生呃逆，146 例（47%）患者呃逆持续时间小于 1 周。然而，有 9 例患者的每日呃逆持续时间超过 6 周，5 例患者的症状持续数年。呃逆的病因包括非化疗药物 36 例（11%）和癌症化疗 19 例（6%）。约三分之一的患者出现并发症，包括 51 例（16%）患者失眠；34 例（11%）患者住院或急诊就诊；23 例（7%）患者出现肌肉骨骼疼痛。巴氯芬是缓解呃逆的单一最常使用药物，但有 100 例患者接受了不止一种药物治疗。5 例患者接受了医疗操作，包括针灸、腹腔穿刺或膈神经阻滞。在 234 例（73%）患者中，病历记录显示呃逆停止。
呃逆在一小部分癌症患者中似乎是一个严重的问题，目前尚无明确的姑息治疗方法。
