Jost Jürgen, Scherrer Klaus
, Leipzig, Germany,
Theory Biosci. 2014 Mar;133(1):1-21. doi: 10.1007/s12064-013-0182-7. Epub 2013 May 15.
According to a functional definition of the term "gene", a protein-coding gene corresponds to a polypeptide and, hence, a coding sequence. It is therefore as such not yet present at the DNA level, but assembled from possibly heterogeneous pieces in the course of RNA processing. Assembly and regulation of genes require, thus, information about when and in which quantity specific polypeptides are to be produced. To assess this, we draw upon precise biochemical data. On the basis of our conceptual framework, we also develop formal models for the coordinated expression of specific sets of genes through the interaction of transcripts and mRNAs and with proteins via a precise putative regulatory code. Thus, the nucleotides in transcripts and mRNA are not only arranged into amino acid-coding triplets, but at the same time may participate in regulatory oligomotifs that provide binding sites for specific proteins. We can then quantify and compare product and regulatory information involved in gene expression and regulation.
根据“基因”一词的功能定义，蛋白质编码基因对应于一种多肽，因此也对应于一个编码序列。所以，它本身在DNA水平上并不存在，而是在RNA加工过程中由可能不同的片段组装而成。因此，基因的组装和调控需要有关何时以及以何种数量产生特定多肽的信息。为了评估这一点，我们利用精确的生化数据。基于我们的概念框架，我们还通过转录本和mRNA的相互作用以及通过精确的假定调控密码与蛋白质的相互作用，开发了特定基因集协调表达的形式模型。因此，转录本和mRNA中的核苷酸不仅排列成编码氨基酸的三联体，同时还可能参与为特定蛋白质提供结合位点的调控寡基序。然后，我们可以量化和比较基因表达和调控中涉及的产物和调控信息。
