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高频且语音相似同源词的跨语言分布。

Cross-language distributions of high frequency and phonetically similar cognates.

机构信息

Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2013 May 10;8(5):e63006. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063006. Print 2013.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0063006
PMID:23675449
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3651159/
Abstract

The coinciding form and meaning similarity of cognates, e.g. 'flamme' (French), 'Flamme' (German), 'vlam' (Dutch), meaning 'flame' in English, facilitates learning of additional languages. The cross-language frequency and similarity distributions of cognates vary according to evolutionary change and language contact. We compare frequency and orthographic (O), phonetic (P), and semantic similarity of cognates, automatically identified in semi-complete lexicons of six widely spoken languages. Comparisons of P and O similarity reveal inconsistent mappings in language pairs with deep orthographies. The frequency distributions show that cognate frequency is reduced in less closely related language pairs as compared to more closely related languages (e.g., French-English vs. German-English). These frequency and similarity patterns may support a better understanding of cognate processing in natural and experimental settings. The automatically identified cognates are available in the supplementary materials, including the frequency and similarity measurements.

摘要

同源词的形式和意义相似，例如“flamme”（法语）、“Flamme”（德语）和“vlam”（荷兰语），在英语中都表示“火焰”，这有助于学习其他语言。同源词的跨语言频率和相似性分布因进化变化和语言接触而有所不同。我们比较了六种广泛使用的语言的半完整词汇中自动识别的同源词的频率和正字法（O）、语音（P）和语义相似性。P 和 O 相似性的比较揭示了具有深层正字法的语言对之间不一致的映射。频率分布表明，与更相关的语言相比，同源词的频率在不太相关的语言对中降低（例如，法语-英语与德语-英语）。这些频率和相似性模式可能有助于更好地理解自然和实验环境中的同源词处理。自动识别的同源词可在补充材料中获得，包括频率和相似性测量值。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/73f954105df6/pone.0063006.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/f74cc4260bd2/pone.0063006.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/644fdbf4b9dd/pone.0063006.g002.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/5a109cc6e756/pone.0063006.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/b41560b62814/pone.0063006.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/d300ed87ec6d/pone.0063006.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/73f954105df6/pone.0063006.g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/f74cc4260bd2/pone.0063006.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/644fdbf4b9dd/pone.0063006.g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/f90b9fc8a217/pone.0063006.g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/5a109cc6e756/pone.0063006.g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/b41560b62814/pone.0063006.g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/d300ed87ec6d/pone.0063006.g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e5fe/3651159/73f954105df6/pone.0063006.g007.jpg

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