Kaneko Koichi
Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Brain and Neuroscience, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 2013 Apr;71(4):689-93.
Cognitive deficits are a core symptom of schizophrenia and marked in the sub-domains of cognition. They have been shown to predict whether a patient will be able to meet functional goals. Because of the small effect size of pharmacotherapy on cognitive function, cognitive remediation has gradually been introduced into the psychiatric rehabilitation. This non-pharmacological treatment for improving neurocognition aims to enhance the neurocognitive strategies relevant to their chosen recovery goals through engaging the participants in learning activities in a highly motivated way. Most meta-analytic studies on this new treatment report moderate effect sizes on cognition with the notable differences in their effects possibly due to their distinct practice methods. The impact of this treatment on daily functioning, however, has been found to be smaller than that on neurocognitive skills. It is thus suggested that cognitive remediation should be implemented in concert with other types of programs for psychiatric rehabilitation.
认知缺陷是精神分裂症的核心症状，在认知的子领域中表现明显。研究表明，认知缺陷能够预测患者是否能够实现功能目标。由于药物治疗对认知功能的效果较小，认知康复逐渐被引入到精神康复中。这种改善神经认知的非药物治疗旨在通过让参与者积极参与学习活动，增强与他们选定的康复目标相关的神经认知策略。大多数关于这种新治疗方法的荟萃分析研究报告称，其对认知有中等程度的效果，其效果存在显著差异可能是由于实践方法不同。然而，已发现这种治疗对日常功能的影响小于对神经认知技能的影响。因此，建议认知康复应与其他类型的精神康复项目协同实施。
