Kozlovskiĭ V N, Kuliev F N
Ter Arkh. 1990;62(3):43-6.
As many as 544 adolescents (268 boys and 276 girls) were examined. Using pneumotachometry and spirography, bronchial patency disorders were identified in 19.8 +/- 2.4% of normal adolescents with no factors at risk for chronic nonspecific pulmonary diseases, in 41.2 +/- 4.2% of patients with acute respiratory virus infection (ARVI), in 54.0 +/- 5.3% of tobacco smokers, in 44.7 +/- 8.1% of patients who frequently fall ill with ARVI, acute bronchitis and pneumonia, and in 50.0 +/- 12.5% of patients afflicted with grade II scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis of the thoracic vertebrae. In normal adolescents without risk factors, distal disorders of bronchial patency were encountered in 5.6 +/- 1.4% of cases, in ARVI patients in 7.4 +/- 2.2%, and in tobacco smokers, in 18.4 +/- 4.2% of cases. In a lot of adolescents, the broncho-obstructive disorders were steady in nature, dictating the necessity of carrying out the treatment and health measures. Pneumotachometry may be recommended for detecting bronchial patency disorders during prophylactic examinations of adolescents.
共检查了544名青少年（268名男孩和276名女孩）。通过呼吸流速测定法和肺量计检查发现，在无慢性非特异性肺部疾病风险因素的正常青少年中，支气管通畅障碍的发生率为19.8±2.4%；在急性呼吸道病毒感染（ARVI）患者中为41.2±4.2%；在吸烟者中为54.0±5.3%；在经常患ARVI、急性支气管炎和肺炎的患者中为44.7±8.1%；在患有胸椎II级脊柱侧弯或脊柱后凸侧弯的患者中为50.0±12.5%。在无风险因素的正常青少年中，支气管通畅远端障碍的发生率为5.6±1.4%；在ARVI患者中为7.4±2.2%；在吸烟者中为18.4±4.2%。在许多青少年中，支气管阻塞性障碍呈持续性，这表明有必要采取治疗和保健措施。呼吸流速测定法可推荐用于青少年预防性检查中检测支气管通畅障碍。
