Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, 70, El.Venizelou Ave, 17671 Kallithea, Athens, Greece.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Nov;23(11):1058-65. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.11.010. Epub 2013 May 13.
To examine differences in cardiometabolic risk factors between children of different BMI and fitness levels.
From a representative sample of 1222 boys and 1188 girls, aged 9-13 years, anthropometric, body composition, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, biochemical and blood pressure data was collected. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 29.9% and 11.8% respectively. In both genders, plasma HDL cholesterol concentration was higher in the 'leaner and less fit' group (lowest quartile of BMI and lowest quartile of fitness) compared to the 'heavier and more fit' (highest quartile of BMI and highest quartile of fitness) and intermediate (all other children) groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the 'leaner and less fit' groups in both genders had lower triacylglycerol concentration, total-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, HOMA-IR, insulin and systolic blood pressure levels compared to the 'heavier and more fit' and/or intermediate groups. Similar trends were observed for hypertension in boys and insulin resistance for both genders. Finally, the effect size of being 'leaner and less fit' on serum levels of cardiometabolic risk indices was mainly small to medium (i.e. Cohen's d 0.2-0.5).
Leaner and less fit boys and girls had better cardiometabolic risk profiles than their heavier and more fit peers, probably suggesting a higher importance of leanness over fitness in children from a cardiometabolic health benefit perspective.
研究不同 BMI 和体能水平的儿童之间心血管代谢风险因素的差异。
从一个有代表性的样本中，收集了 1222 名男孩和 1188 名 9-13 岁的男女青少年的人体测量学、身体成分、体力活动、心肺功能适应性、生化和血压数据。超重和肥胖的患病率分别为 29.9%和 11.8%。在两性中，与“更重且更健康”（BMI 最高四分位数和体能最高四分位数）和“中等”（所有其他儿童）组相比，“更瘦且体能较差”（BMI 最低四分位数和体能最低四分位数）组的血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度更高（p < 0.05）。此外，两性中“更瘦且体能较差”组的三酰甘油浓度、总胆固醇与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值、HOMA-IR、胰岛素和收缩压水平均低于“更重且更健康”和/或“中等”组。男孩中高血压和两性中胰岛素抵抗也观察到类似的趋势。最后，“更瘦且体能较差”对血清心血管代谢风险指数水平的影响大小主要为小到中等（即 Cohen's d 0.2-0.5）。
与更重且更健康的同龄人相比，更瘦且体能较差的男孩和女孩具有更好的心血管代谢风险特征，这可能表明从心血管代谢健康获益的角度来看，瘦度比体能更重要。
