Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS - Brasil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2022 Aug;119(2):236-243. doi: 10.36660/abc.20210593.
Cardiometabolic risk has been shown to be inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and positively associated with body mass index (BMI).
Our objective was to analyze the association of cardiometabolic risk factors with combined BMI and CRF in schoolchildren from a city in southern Brazil.
Cross-sectional study with a sample of 1252 schoolchildren aged seven to 17 years. Total cholesterol (TC), HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides (TG), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were evaluated. CRF and BMI were grouped into one variable and the schoolchildren were classified as eutrophic/fit, eutrophic/unfit, overweight-obese/fit, and overweight-obese/unfit. Crude and adjusted analyzes were performed using Poisson Regression and an alpha of 0.05 was adopted.
Overweight-obese and fit schoolchildren showed a prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.50 (1.04 - 2.16) for altered TG, 3.05 (2.05 - 4.54) for elevated SBP, and 2.70 (1.87 - 3.88) for elevated DBP. Overweight-obese and unfit schoolchildren showed a PR for high TC of 1.24 (1.11 - 1.39) and 1.51(1.11 - 2.04) for low HDL levels. In addition, they had a risk of 2.07 (1.60 - 2.69) for altered TG, 3.36 (2.31 - 4.60) for elevated SBP and 2.42 (1.76 - 3.32) for altered DBP.
BMI played a central role in the association with risk and CRF was shown to attenuate the association between risk factors and obesity. Overweight-obese children and adolescents had a higher cardiometabolic risk, but the effect size was larger among the unfit.
已有研究表明，心血管代谢风险与心肺功能（CRF）呈负相关，与体重指数（BMI）呈正相关。
本研究旨在分析巴西南部某城市儿童的心血管代谢危险因素与 BMI 和 CRF 综合指标的相关性。
本横断面研究纳入了 1252 名 7 至 17 岁的儿童。评估了总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、甘油三酯（TG）、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）。CRF 和 BMI 被分为一个变量，然后根据儿童的 BMI 和 CRF 情况将其分类为体型正常/健康、体型正常/不健康、超重肥胖/健康和超重肥胖/不健康。使用泊松回归进行了粗分析和调整分析，并采用了 0.05 的 alpha 值。
超重肥胖且健康的儿童，其 TG 异常的患病比值比（PR）为 1.50（1.04-2.16），SBP 升高的 PR 为 3.05（2.05-4.54），DBP 升高的 PR 为 2.70（1.87-3.88）。超重肥胖且不健康的儿童，其 TC 升高的 PR 为 1.24（1.11-1.39），HDL 降低的 PR 为 1.51（1.11-2.04）。此外，他们 TG 异常的 PR 为 2.07（1.60-2.69），SBP 升高的 PR 为 3.36（2.31-4.60），DBP 升高的 PR 为 2.42（1.76-3.32）。
BMI 在与风险的关联中起核心作用，而 CRF 则降低了危险因素与肥胖之间的关联。超重肥胖的儿童和青少年患心血管代谢疾病的风险更高，但在不健康的儿童中，其风险更大。
