Mueller-Pfeiffer Christoph, Moergeli Hanspeter, Schumacher Sonja, Martin-Soelch Chantal, Wirtz Gustav, Fuhrhans Christoph, Hindermann Esther, Rufer Michael
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2013 Jun;201(6):471-7. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3182948096.
Little is known about the influence of particular characteristics of childhood maltreatment, such as developmental stage, relationship to the perpetrator, and nature of the trauma, on adult psychopathology. The effects of childhood maltreatment were assessed in adult psychiatric patients (N = 287) using self-rating scales and diagnostic checklists. Maltreatment was strongly associated with dissociation. This relationship was observed for all childhood developmental stages and was strongest when the perpetrator was outside the family. Dissociation was more strongly correlated with childhood emotional abuse and sexual harassment than with sexual or physical abuse. Childhood sexual abuse was found to be associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress. The findings suggest that dissociation is a relatively specific consequence of childhood maltreatment that is largely independent of the familial relationship to the perpetrator or the child's developmental stage.
关于童年期虐待的特定特征，如发育阶段、与施暴者的关系以及创伤的性质，对成人精神病理学的影响，人们所知甚少。使用自评量表和诊断清单对成年精神病患者（N = 287）童年期虐待的影响进行了评估。虐待与分离性障碍密切相关。在童年的所有发育阶段均观察到这种关系，当施暴者为家庭成员以外的人时这种关系最为强烈。分离性障碍与童年期情感虐待和性骚扰的相关性比与性虐待或身体虐待的相关性更强。发现童年期性虐待与创伤后应激症状有关。研究结果表明，分离性障碍是童年期虐待相对特定的后果，在很大程度上独立于与施暴者的家庭关系或儿童的发育阶段。
