Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94122-2280, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2013;371:183-200. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-37765-5_7.
In invertebrates such as insects and nematodes, RNA interference (RNAi) provides RNA-based protection against viruses. This form of immunity restricts viral replication and dissemination from infected cells and viruses, in turn, have evolved evasion mechanisms or RNAi suppressors to counteract host defenses. Recent advances indicate that, in addition to RNAi, other related small RNA pathways contribute to antiviral functions in invertebrates. This has led to a deeper understanding of fundamental aspects of small RNA-based antiviral immunity in invertebrates and its contribution to viral spread and pathogenesis.
在昆虫和线虫等无脊椎动物中，RNA 干扰（RNAi）提供了基于 RNA 的抗病毒保护。这种形式的免疫限制了病毒从受感染细胞中的复制和传播，而病毒则反过来进化出逃避机制或 RNAi 抑制剂来对抗宿主防御。最近的进展表明，除了 RNAi 之外，其他相关的小 RNA 途径也有助于无脊椎动物的抗病毒功能。这使得人们对无脊椎动物基于小 RNA 的抗病毒免疫的基本方面及其对病毒传播和发病机制的贡献有了更深入的了解。
