Vector-Borne Virus Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Viruses. 2022 Feb 20;14(2):432. doi: 10.3390/v14020432.
Multiple antiviral immunities were developed to defend against viral infection in hosts. RNA interference (RNAi)-based antiviral innate immunity is evolutionarily conserved in eukaryotes and plays a vital role against all types of viruses. During the arms race between the host and virus, many viruses evolve viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) to inhibit antiviral innate immunity. Here, we reviewed the mechanism at different stages in RNAi-based antiviral innate immunity in plants and the counteractions of various VSRs, mainly upon infection of RNA viruses in model plant Arabidopsis. Some critical challenges in the field were also proposed, and we think that further elucidating conserved antiviral innate immunity may convey a broad spectrum of antiviral strategies to prevent viral diseases in the future.
宿主中存在多种抗病毒免疫来防御病毒感染。基于 RNA 干扰（RNAi）的抗病毒先天免疫在真核生物中是进化保守的，对所有类型的病毒都发挥着至关重要的作用。在宿主与病毒的军备竞赛中，许多病毒进化出了抑制 RNA 沉默的病毒抑制子（VSRs）来抑制抗病毒先天免疫。在这里，我们综述了植物中基于 RNAi 的抗病毒先天免疫的不同阶段的机制，以及各种 VSR 的拮抗作用，主要是在模式植物拟南芥中感染 RNA 病毒时的情况。我们还提出了该领域的一些关键挑战，我们认为进一步阐明保守的抗病毒先天免疫可能会在未来为预防病毒病提供广泛的抗病毒策略。
