Graduate School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA.
Science. 2013 May 17;340(6134):852-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1234532.
Glaciers distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets are losing large amounts of water to the world's oceans. However, estimates of their contribution to sea level rise disagree. We provide a consensus estimate by standardizing existing, and creating new, mass-budget estimates from satellite gravimetry and altimetry and from local glaciological records. In many regions, local measurements are more negative than satellite-based estimates. All regions lost mass during 2003-2009, with the largest losses from Arctic Canada, Alaska, coastal Greenland, the southern Andes, and high-mountain Asia, but there was little loss from glaciers in Antarctica. Over this period, the global mass budget was -259 ± 28 gigatons per year, equivalent to the combined loss from both ice sheets and accounting for 29 ± 13% of the observed sea level rise.
与格陵兰和南极冰盖不同的是，冰川正在向世界海洋大量流失水分。然而，对于它们对海平面上升的贡献的估计存在分歧。我们通过标准化现有的和从卫星重力和测高技术以及当地冰川记录中创建新的质量预算估计来提供一个共识估计。在许多地区，当地测量结果比基于卫星的估计结果更为负面。在 2003 年至 2009 年期间，所有地区的质量都有所减少，其中北极加拿大、阿拉斯加、格陵兰沿海、安第斯山脉南部和亚洲高海拔地区的损失最大，而南极洲的冰川损失则很小。在此期间，全球质量预算为每年-259 ± 28 吉吨，相当于两个冰盖的总和，占观测到的海平面上升的 29 ± 13%。
