Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Am Psychol. 2013 May-Jun;68(4):210-24. doi: 10.1037/a0032704.
Neighborhood factors have been linked to HIV risk behaviors, HIV counseling and testing, and HIV medical care. However, the social-psychological mechanisms that connect neighborhood factors to HIV-related behaviors have not been fully determined. In this article we review the research on neighborhood factors and HIV-related behaviors, approaches to measuring neighborhoods, and mechanisms that may help to explain how the physical and social environment within neighborhoods may lead to HIV-related behaviors. We then discuss organizational, geographic, and social network approaches to intervening in neighborhoods to reduce HIV transmission and facilitate HIV medical care with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality and increasing social and psychological well-being.
社区因素与艾滋病毒风险行为、艾滋病毒咨询和检测以及艾滋病毒医疗有关。然而，将社区因素与艾滋病毒相关行为联系起来的社会心理机制尚未完全确定。在本文中，我们回顾了有关社区因素与艾滋病毒相关行为、衡量社区的方法以及可能有助于解释社区内的物理和社会环境如何导致艾滋病毒相关行为的机制的研究。然后，我们讨论了以组织、地理和社会网络为基础的干预社区的方法，以减少艾滋病毒的传播，并促进艾滋病毒的医疗，从而降低发病率和死亡率，提高社会和心理幸福感。
