Mehrdad Ramin, Movasatian Farid, Momenzadeh Akram Sadat
Department of Occupational Medicine, Center for Research on Occupational Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Med Iran. 2013 May 7;51(4):265-9.
Firefighting is extremely strenuous and physically demanding work and involves ability to cope with emergency life-or-death situations. Because of the high physical demands of firefighting, successful job performance and minimizing of morbidity and mortality depends on fitness for duty. The firefighting department of Tehran does not perform periodic medical assessment for firefighters. The aim of this study was to evaluate medical fitness among firefighters in Tehran. In this cross sectional study we examined 147 firefighters. Medical and occupational history obtained by interview, then we performed physical examination, blood tests, ECG, spirometry and audiometry. Then results compared with guidelines for firefighters in the USA, Australia and the United Kingdom. Seven percent of our participants had a kind of pulmonary dysfunction and 25% had some degrees of hearing loss. A considerable percent of them had modifiable coronary heart disease risk factors. Thirteen participitants were unfit for this job that among them; ten firefighters were unfit based on vision capability, one case due to hypertention and two cases because of pulmonary dysfunction. Because of hazardouse nature of firefighting; preplacement, periodic medical evaluations and assesment of fitness for firefighters in Iran is highly recommended. Establishment of fitness criteria for firefighters in Iran is necessery to perform assigned functions safely.
灭火工作极为艰苦，对体力要求极高，且需要具备应对生死攸关紧急情况的能力。由于灭火工作对体能要求很高，要想工作表现出色并将发病率和死亡率降至最低，取决于是否适合履行职责。德黑兰消防部门没有对消防员进行定期体检。本研究的目的是评估德黑兰消防员的健康状况。在这项横断面研究中，我们检查了147名消防员。通过访谈获取医疗和职业史，然后进行体格检查、血液检查、心电图、肺活量测定和听力测定。然后将结果与美国、澳大利亚和英国的消防员指南进行比较。我们的参与者中有7%存在某种肺功能障碍，25%有不同程度的听力损失。他们中有相当一部分人有可改变的冠心病危险因素。13名参与者不适合这项工作，其中10名消防员因视力问题不适合，1例因高血压，2例因肺功能障碍。由于灭火工作具有危险性，强烈建议在伊朗对消防员进行入职前、定期的医学评估和健康状况评估。制定伊朗消防员健康标准对于安全履行指定职责是必要的。
