Endocrine Research Center (Firouzgar), Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int Nurs Rev. 2013 Jun;60(2):267-73. doi: 10.1111/inr.12007. Epub 2013 Feb 20.
Diabetes self-management education programmes which have been reported to improve the self-efficacy of diabetic people can lead to their empowerment. Specialized diabetes nurses also play a fundamental role in empowering patients with diabetes through improving their knowledge and self-care.
The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure empowerment in Iranian people with type 2 diabetes.
Important subscales of patient empowerment were identified by an expert panel. The subscales included active self-care, coping with personal and social concerns, basic knowledge related to diabetes management and patient-physician communication. Questions related to each subscale were generated and the expert panel renewed the questionnaire to ensure relevance and clarity of the items. Patient focus groups were conducted to establish the face validity of the questionnaire. The final questionnaire consisted of 15 items organized in three subscales. In a population-based study, a sample of 378 people with type 2 diabetes was recruited. Reliability coefficient (Cronbach's α) was calculated for all of the subscales. Convergent validity was assessed by Pearson's product moment correlation. The scree test was used to select significant subscales.
Two hundred forty-seven female and 131 male subjects with type 2 diabetes filled out the questionnaire. Three subscales were derived from factor analysis considering item-component loading of 0.4 as significant: 'active self-care' (Cronbach's α: 0.78), 'basic knowledge related to diabetes management' (Cronbach's α: 0.72) and 'coping with personal and social concerns' (Cronbach's α: 0.51). The scree plot of the eigenvalues of 15 items proposed three subscale solutions. Internal consistency reliabilities for the three subscales were acceptable (α: 0.51-0.78).
The Diabetes Empowerment Questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool to assess patient empowerment in Iranian people with type 2 diabetes.
已报道糖尿病自我管理教育计划可提高糖尿病患者的自我效能感，从而增强其能力。专门的糖尿病护士通过提高患者的知识和自我护理水平，在增强糖尿病患者能力方面也发挥着重要作用。
本研究旨在开发一种有效且可靠的问卷来衡量伊朗 2 型糖尿病患者的赋权情况。
通过专家小组确定患者赋权的重要亚量表。这些亚量表包括积极的自我护理、应对个人和社会问题、与糖尿病管理相关的基本知识以及医患沟通。针对每个亚量表生成相关问题，专家小组对问卷进行了修订，以确保项目的相关性和清晰度。进行患者焦点小组讨论以确定问卷的表面有效性。最终问卷由 15 个项目组成，分为三个亚量表。在一项基于人群的研究中，招募了 378 名 2 型糖尿病患者。计算了所有亚量表的信度系数（Cronbach's α）。通过 Pearson 积矩相关评估聚合效度。使用峭度检验选择显著的亚量表。
247 名女性和 131 名男性 2 型糖尿病患者填写了问卷。通过考虑项目-成分负荷为 0.4 的因子分析得出三个亚量表：“积极的自我护理”（Cronbach's α：0.78）、“与糖尿病管理相关的基本知识”（Cronbach's α：0.72）和“应对个人和社会问题”（Cronbach's α：0.51）。15 个项目特征值的峭度图提出了三个亚量表解决方案。三个亚量表的内部一致性信度可接受（α：0.51-0.78）。
糖尿病赋权问卷是一种可靠且有效的工具，可用于评估伊朗 2 型糖尿病患者的患者赋权情况。
