De Benedetto Fernando, Sevieri Gianfranco
Pneumology Unit, SS, Annunziata Hospital, Via de' Vestini, Chieti 66100, Italy.
Multidiscip Respir Med. 2013 May 22;8(1):33. doi: 10.1186/2049-6958-8-33.
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are a leading cause of morbidity and also represent a cause of death in some parts of the world. The treatment of RTIs implies a continuous search for stronger therapies and represents an economical burden for health services and society. In this context the prevention of infections is absolutely required. The use of bacterial lysates as immuno-modulators to boost immunological response is widely debated. Aim of this review is to summarize the main clinical studies on the effect of the bacterial lysate OM-85 in treating RTIs in susceptible subjects - namely children and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-affected adults. Results from clinical trials and recent systematic reviews are reported.The results show that mean number of RTIs decreases upon treatment with OM-85, as measured by frequency of exacerbations or number of antibiotic courses. Data from systematic reviews indicated that OM-85 is particularly beneficial in children at high risk of RTIs. In COPD-affected adults, clinical studies showed that treatment with OM-85 reduced exacerbations, although systematic reviews did not legitimate the protective effect of OM-85 toward COPD as significant.The use of OM-85 could be efficacious in reducing exacerbation frequency of RTIs in children and adults at risk. However further high-quality studies are needed to better explain the mechanism of action and confirm the beneficial results of OM85.
呼吸道感染（RTIs）是发病的主要原因，在世界某些地区也是死亡原因之一。RTIs的治疗意味着要不断寻找更有效的疗法，对卫生服务和社会来说是一项经济负担。在这种情况下，感染的预防是绝对必要的。使用细菌裂解物作为免疫调节剂来增强免疫反应存在广泛争议。本综述的目的是总结关于细菌裂解物OM-85对易感人群（即儿童和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者）治疗RTIs效果的主要临床研究。报告了临床试验和近期系统评价的结果。结果表明，用OM-85治疗后，RTIs的平均次数减少，这通过发作频率或抗生素疗程数来衡量。系统评价的数据表明，OM-85对RTIs高危儿童特别有益。在COPD患者中，临床研究表明，OM-85治疗可减少发作次数，尽管系统评价并未证实OM-85对COPD有显著的保护作用。使用OM-85可能有效降低高危儿童和成人RTIs的发作频率。然而，需要进一步的高质量研究来更好地解释其作用机制并证实OM-85的有益效果。
