Habte Ermias, Yami Alemeshet, Alemseged Fissahye, Abdissa Yishak, Deribe Kebede, Memiah Peter, Biadgilign Sibhatu
Department of Internal Medicine, Jimma University, College of Public Health and Medical Science, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jimma University, College of Public Health and Medical Science, Ethiopia.
J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2015 May-Jun;14(3):234-40. doi: 10.1177/2325957413488177. Epub 2013 May 22.
With transmission of HIV occurring mainly through heterosexual contact, it is paramount to identify serodiscordant couples and implement preventive strategies that will protect the negative partner. The burden of serodiscordance and its predictors in Ethiopia is not clearly understood due to the dearth of data.
To assess the prevalence and predictors of HIV serodiscordance among couples tested in Jimma University Specialized Hospital (JUSH) Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) center.
The study employed a case-control study design conducted at VCT center of JUSH in all registered serodiscordant couples and seroconcordant couples that were selected from the registered clients in the period from 2003 to 2010. A pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection using medical chart abstraction. Data were entered, cleaned, and coded using Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.
The prevalence of serodiscordance in the study population was found to be 8.4%. Male and female discordants accounted for 5.8% (137) and 2.6% (62), respectively. Rare use of condom (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 7.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.59-32.54) and active tuberculosis (TB) at enrollment (AOR= 17.7; 95% CI = 2.3-139.2) were significantly found to be the predictors of serodiscordance.
The prevalence of serodiscordance in the study area was found to be low, but it contributes to a clinically significant population that mandates implementation of preventive strategy. Sero-positive individuals who use condoms rarely should be encouraged to have their partners tested, and the association between active TB and serodiscordance underscores the need for further study.
由于艾滋病病毒主要通过异性接触传播，识别血清学不一致的伴侣并实施能够保护阴性伴侣的预防策略至关重要。由于数据匮乏，埃塞俄比亚血清学不一致的负担及其预测因素尚不清楚。
评估在吉姆马大学专科医院（JUSH）自愿咨询检测（VCT）中心接受检测的夫妇中艾滋病病毒血清学不一致的患病率及其预测因素。
本研究采用病例对照研究设计，在JUSH的VCT中心对2003年至2010年期间从登记客户中选取的所有登记血清学不一致夫妇和血清学一致夫妇进行研究。使用预先测试的结构化问卷，通过病历摘要进行数据收集。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）16版对数据进行录入、清理和编码。
研究人群中血清学不一致的患病率为8.4%。男性和女性不一致者分别占5.8%（137例）和2.6%（62例）。研究发现，很少使用避孕套（调整优势比[AOR]=7.2；95%置信区间[CI]=1.59 - 32.54）和入组时患有活动性结核病（AOR = 17.7；95% CI = 2.3 - 139.2）是血清学不一致的显著预测因素。
研究区域内血清学不一致的患病率较低，但它构成了一个临床上有意义的人群，需要实施预防策略。应鼓励很少使用避孕套的血清学阳性个体让其伴侣接受检测，活动性结核病与血清学不一致之间的关联凸显了进一步研究的必要性。
