Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Bandeirantes Ave, 3900, Vila Monte Alegre SP, CEP, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-902, Brazil.
Paulista University at São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Oct 13;21(1):1849. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11835-0.
After HIV diagnosis, people maintain, reestablish their sexual lives, or build new relationships, often with HIV seronegative partners. Therefore, understanding the factors concerning couple-vulnerability is essential in order to design effective HIV preventive strategies. We examined HIV serodiscordant couples prevalence and their associated factors from a Brazilian city.
This is a cross-sectional analytical study carried out with people living with HIV (PLHIV) who had an active sex life and were engagement in HIV health care follow-up. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire during individual interviews. We analyzed data using bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses.
There was 72.0% of HIV serodiscordant partnerships. Those who inconsistently used condoms (aOR: 0.3[0.13-0.7]) and/or had HIV detectable viral load (aOR: 0.29 [0.12-0.7]) were less likely to have an HIV serodiscordant sexual partner. On other hand, the lack of HIV transmission counseling by the health service (aOR: 5.08 [2.02-12.76]), or those who had a casual partner (aOR: 8.12 [1.7-38.8]) or a steady and casual one concomitantly (aOR: 24.82 [1.46-420.83]), were more likely to indicate an HIV serodiscordant partnership.
The findings showed a high prevalence of serodiscordant partnerships in PLHIV. Greater visibility among couples in the health services is needed as well as a reassessment in order to provide PLHIV and their sexual partners with care strategies, by the health professionals.
HIV 确诊后，人们会维持、重建性生活，或建立新的关系，通常与 HIV 阴性的伴侣一起。因此，了解夫妻双方易感染的相关因素对于设计有效的 HIV 预防策略至关重要。我们调查了巴西某城市 HIV 血清不一致的夫妇的流行率及其相关因素。
这是一项横断面分析性研究，对象为具有活跃性生活且正在接受 HIV 保健随访的 HIV 感染者。数据通过个人访谈时使用半结构式问卷收集。我们使用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来分析数据。
HIV 血清不一致的伴侣关系占 72.0%。那些不规律使用避孕套（调整后比值比：0.3[0.13-0.7]）和/或 HIV 可检测病毒载量（调整后比值比：0.29 [0.12-0.7]）的人不太可能有 HIV 血清不一致的性伴侣。另一方面，卫生服务机构缺乏 HIV 传播咨询（调整后比值比：5.08 [2.02-12.76]），或者有偶然伴侣（调整后比值比：8.12 [1.7-38.8]）或同时有稳定和偶然伴侣（调整后比值比：24.82 [1.46-420.83]）的人更有可能表示存在 HIV 血清不一致的关系。
研究结果显示 HIV 感染者中血清不一致的伴侣关系流行率较高。需要提高卫生服务机构中对夫妻双方的可见度，并进行重新评估，以便为 HIV 感染者及其性伴侣提供护理策略，这需要卫生专业人员的参与。
