University of Padua, ICEA Department, Lungargine Rovetta, 8, I 35127 Padova, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2013 Aug;33(8):1770-5. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.04.007. Epub 2013 May 21.
Worldwide, the amount of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) reaches 50 million units per year. Once the ELV has been processed, it may then be shredded and sorted to recover valuable metals that are recycled in iron and steelmaking processes. The residual fraction, called automotive shredder residue (ASR), represents 25% of the ELV and is usually landfilled. In order to deal with the leachable fraction of ASR that poses a potential threat to the environment, a washing treatment before landfilling was applied. To assess the potential for full-scale application of washing treatment, tests were carried out in different conditions (L/S = 3 and 5L/kgTS; t = 3 and 6 h). Moreover, to understand whether the grain size of waste could affect the washing efficiency, the treatment was applied to ground (<4 mm) and not-ground samples. The findings obtained revealed that, on average, washing treatment achieved removal rates of more than 60% for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN). With regard to metals and chlorides, sulphates and fluoride leachable fraction, a removal efficiency of approximately 60% was obtained, as confirmed also by EC values. The comparison between the results for ground and not-ground samples did not highlight significant differences.
全球范围内，每年报废车辆 (ELV) 的数量达到 5000 万辆。一旦 ELV 经过处理，就可以进行粉碎和分类，以回收钢铁制造过程中再利用的有价值金属。剩余部分称为汽车破碎机残渣 (ASR)，占 ELV 的 25%，通常被填埋。为了处理 ASR 中具有潜在环境威胁的可浸出部分，在填埋前进行了洗涤处理。为了评估洗涤处理的大规模应用潜力，在不同条件下（L/S = 3 和 5L/kgTS；t = 3 和 6 h）进行了测试。此外，为了了解废物的粒度是否会影响洗涤效率，将该处理应用于粉碎（<4 毫米）和未粉碎样品。结果表明，平均而言，洗涤处理对溶解有机碳 (DOC)、化学需氧量 (COD) 和总凯氏氮 (TKN) 的去除率超过 60%。对于金属和可浸出的氯化物、硫酸盐和氟化物部分，去除效率约为 60%，这也得到了 EC 值的证实。粉碎和未粉碎样品的结果比较没有显示出显著差异。
