Dept. of Civil, Building and Environmental Engineering (DICEA), University of Padova, Lungargine Rovetta 8, 35127 Padova, Italy.
Dept of Land, Environment and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2014 Oct;34(10):1752-62. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Dec 25.
Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR) is a special waste that can be classified as either hazardous or non hazardous depending on the amount of hazardous substances and on the features of leachate gathered from EN12457/2 test. However both the strict regulation concerning landfills and the EU targets related to End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) recovery and recycling rate to achieve by 2015 (Directive 2000/53/EC), will limit current landfilling practice and will impose an increased efficiency of ELVs valorization. The present paper considers ELVs context in Italy, taking into account ASRs physical-chemical features and current processing practice, focusing on the enhancement of secondary materials recovery. The application in waste-to-energy plants, cement kilns or metallurgical processes is also analyzed, with a particular attention to the possible connected environmental impacts. Pyrolysis and gasification are considered as emerging technologies although the only use of ASR is debatable; its mixing with other waste streams is gradually being applied in commercial processes. The environmental impacts of the processes are acceptable, but more supporting data are needed and the advantage over (co-)incineration remains to be proven.
汽车破碎机残渣（ASR）是一种特殊废物，可根据有害物质的含量以及根据 EN12457/2 测试收集的浸出液的特性，将其归类为危险废物或非危险废物。然而，关于垃圾填埋场的严格规定以及欧盟关于报废车辆（ELV）回收和再循环率的目标（2015 年达到 2000/53/EC 指令）都将限制当前的垃圾填埋场实践，并将提高 ELV 的附加值。本文考虑了意大利的 ELV 情况，考虑了 ASR 的物理化学特性和当前的处理实践，重点是提高二次材料的回收。还分析了在废物能源厂、水泥窑或冶金工艺中的应用，特别关注可能存在的相关环境影响。热解和气化被认为是新兴技术，尽管 ASR 的唯一用途存在争议，但它与其他废物流的混合已逐渐应用于商业过程中。这些过程的环境影响是可以接受的，但需要更多的支持数据，并且其优势仍需相对于（共）焚烧来证明。
