Bhattacharjee T, Kumar Piyush, Maru G, Ingle A, Krishna C Murali
Chilakapati Lab, ACTREC, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India.
Lasers Med Sci. 2014 Jan;29(1):325-33. doi: 10.1007/s10103-013-1347-9. Epub 2013 May 25.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting females worldwide. As early detection results in better prognosis, screening tools for breast cancer are being explored. Raman spectroscopy, a rapid, objective, and noninvasive tool, has shown promising results in the diagnosis of several cancers including breast cancer. For development as a screening tool, a study of spectral signatures associated with breast cancer progression is imperative. However, such studies are not possible in human subjects. Hence, there is a need for a suitable animal model, which is conducive to transcutaneous in vivo Raman spectroscopic measurements of breast with minimal interference from skin and hair and has contribution from functional mammary epithelium of breast. In this study, rodent models like C57, Swiss albino, Swiss bare, agouti mice, and Sprague-Dawley rats were evaluated. Among these models, transcutaneous breast spectra of hairless Swiss bare mice have the best signal-to-noise ratio and were closest to reported ex vivo as well as intraoperative in vivo human breast spectra. Principal component-linear discriminant analysis of several anatomical sites confirms minimal skin interference and suggests contribution from functional mammary epithelium of breast. Moreover, transcutaneous spectra from normal breast and breast tumors of Swiss bare mice could be classified with 99% efficiency, which is better than the previous reports. Thus, Swiss bare mice model may be better suited for transcutaneous in vivo Raman spectroscopic studies of breast physiology and pathology, especially breast cancer. Prospectively, in addition to cancer progression, breast-to-bone metastasis can also be studied, since these anatomical sites can be uniquely classified.
乳腺癌是全球影响女性的最常见癌症。由于早期检测可带来更好的预后，因此正在探索乳腺癌的筛查工具。拉曼光谱作为一种快速、客观且无创的工具，在包括乳腺癌在内的几种癌症诊断中已显示出有前景的结果。为了开发成一种筛查工具，对与乳腺癌进展相关的光谱特征进行研究势在必行。然而，此类研究无法在人类受试者中进行。因此，需要一种合适的动物模型，该模型有利于对乳房进行经皮体内拉曼光谱测量，且皮肤和毛发的干扰最小，并具有乳腺功能性上皮的贡献。在本研究中，对C57、瑞士白化小鼠、瑞士裸鼠、刺豚鼠和Sprague-Dawley大鼠等啮齿动物模型进行了评估。在这些模型中，无毛瑞士裸鼠的经皮乳房光谱具有最佳的信噪比，并且最接近已报道的离体以及术中人体乳房光谱。对几个解剖部位进行主成分-线性判别分析证实皮肤干扰最小，并表明有乳腺功能性上皮的贡献。此外，瑞士裸鼠正常乳房和乳腺肿瘤的经皮光谱能够以99%的效率进行分类，这比之前的报道要好。因此，瑞士裸鼠模型可能更适合用于乳房生理和病理，尤其是乳腺癌的经皮体内拉曼光谱研究。前瞻性地，除了癌症进展外，还可以研究乳房到骨骼的转移，因为这些解剖部位可以被独特地分类。
