Bertel Erminald
Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
J Nanopart Res. 2013 May;15(5):1407. doi: 10.1007/s11051-012-1407-2. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
Quasi-critical fluctuations occur close to critical points or close to continuous phase transitions. In three-dimensional systems, precision tuning is required to access the fluctuation regime. Lowering the dimensionality enhances the parameter space for quasi-critical fluctuations considerably. This enables one to make use of novel properties emerging in fluctuating systems, such as giant susceptibilities, Casimir forces or novel quasi-particle interactions. Examples are discussed ranging from simple metal-adsorbate systems to unconventional superconductivity in iron-based superconductors.
准临界涨落在临界点附近或连续相变附近出现。在三维系统中，需要精确调谐才能进入涨落区域。降低维度会显著增加准临界涨落的参数空间。这使得人们能够利用涨落系统中出现的新特性，如巨大的磁化率、卡西米尔力或新型准粒子相互作用。文中讨论了从简单的金属 - 吸附质系统到铁基超导体中的非常规超导性等例子。
