Bachorowski J A, Newman J P, Nichols S L, Gans D A, Harper A E, Taylor S L
Psychology Dept., University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
Pediatrics. 1990 Aug;86(2):244-53.
In this study, a double-blind challenge design was used to evaluate the hypothesis that sucrose ingestion may compromise the behavioral performance of juvenile delinquents. Subjects were 58 white delinquents, 57 black delinquents, and 39 white nondelinquents. The behavioral assessment included tasks that are relevant to delinquency and that might be expected to be disrupted following sucrose ingestion. The results provide no evidence that sucrose ingestion impairs the performance of juvenile delinquents. In fact, the results of several analyses indicated that the sucrose breakfast was associated with improved performance. In additional analyses the effect of sucrose on particular subgroups of juvenile delinquents was evaluated. Statistical interactions indicated that the performance of delinquents rated as more behaviorally disturbed benefited from sucrose ingestion, whereas those delinquents with less pronounced behavior problems tended to show impaired performance following a sucrose-loaded breakfast. These results indicate that simple statements regarding the effects of sucrose ingestion on behavior are likely to be misleading and highlight the need to consider individual difference variables when investigating the effects of sucrose on juvenile delinquents.
在本研究中，采用双盲激发设计来评估蔗糖摄入可能损害青少年犯罪者行为表现这一假设。研究对象包括58名白人犯罪青少年、57名黑人犯罪青少年和39名白人非犯罪青少年。行为评估包括与犯罪行为相关且预计在摄入蔗糖后可能受到干扰的任务。结果没有提供证据表明蔗糖摄入会损害青少年犯罪者的表现。事实上，几项分析的结果表明，食用含蔗糖的早餐与表现改善有关。在额外的分析中，评估了蔗糖对青少年犯罪者特定亚组的影响。统计交互作用表明，行为干扰程度较高的犯罪者的表现受益于蔗糖摄入，而那些行为问题不太明显的犯罪者在食用富含蔗糖的早餐后表现往往受损。这些结果表明，关于蔗糖摄入对行为影响的简单表述可能会产生误导，并突出了在研究蔗糖对青少年犯罪者的影响时考虑个体差异变量的必要性。
