Elder Dawn E, Campbell Angela J, Galletly Duncan
Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2013 Sep;49(9):E388-96. doi: 10.1111/jpc.12247. Epub 2013 May 28.
Apnoea is defined as cessation of breathing with implicit pathophysiology. This review considers definitions of neonatal apnoea currently available and explores the evidence to support their use. For preterm and term infants, apnoea definitions appear arbitrary, are not supported by guidelines and vary from study to study. Although most alarms on infant breathing monitors are set to alert after a respiratory pause >20s duration is detected, this time period is the equivalent of 17 missed breaths in a preterm infant. Apnoea is likely to be better defined by associated consequence than by pause duration alone in this age group; however, the degree of change in heart rate or oxygen saturation that defines a respiratory pause as pathological is yet to be defined. Further research is required to determine the characteristics that differentiate respiratory events of clinical consequence from normal respiratory variability in term and preterm infants.
呼吸暂停被定义为伴有潜在病理生理学特征的呼吸停止。本综述探讨了目前可用的新生儿呼吸暂停的定义，并探究了支持其使用的证据。对于早产儿和足月儿，呼吸暂停的定义似乎是随意的，缺乏指南支持，且因研究而异。尽管大多数婴儿呼吸监测仪的警报设置为在检测到呼吸暂停持续时间>20秒后发出警报，但这一时间长度相当于早产儿漏吸17次呼吸。在这个年龄组中，呼吸暂停可能通过相关后果比仅通过暂停持续时间来更好地定义；然而，将呼吸暂停定义为病理性的心率或血氧饱和度变化程度尚未明确。需要进一步研究以确定区分足月儿和早产儿具有临床意义的呼吸事件与正常呼吸变异性的特征。
