Han D H, Kim S M, Zaichkowsky L
Department of Psychiatry, Chung‑Ang University Medical School , Seoul, South Korea.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2013 Jun;53(3):274-82.
The main purpose of our research was to examine attachment type and competition anxiety in high school student athletes and general high school students.
We recruited 465 student athletes and 543 general students to participate in our study. The Revised Korean version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (K-ECRS) and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) were given to all students.
In χ2 tests, athletes showed attachment types in the following order of prevalence: fearful, dismissive, and preoccupied, compared to the fearful, preoccupied, and dismissive order observed in general students. In parametric, independent t-tests, athletes reported significantly higher cognitive anxiety scores, relative to general students. Further, athletes with insecure attachment compared to those with secure attachment reported higher cognitive anxiety scores and self-confidence scores. In both the athletes with insecure attachment and general students with insecure attachment groups, the K-ECRS anxiety subscale was significantly correlated with CSAI-2 total score. In post hoc analysis in the athletes with insecure attachment group, the K-ECRS anxiety subscale was also significantly correlated with the CSAI-2 cognitive anxiety subscale.
These results suggest that anxious athletes with an insecure attachment style tend to exaggerate threats from both external and internal sources, which negatively affect their performances.
我们研究的主要目的是调查高中生运动员和普通高中生的依恋类型与竞争焦虑情况。
我们招募了465名学生运动员和543名普通学生参与我们的研究。所有学生都接受了亲密关系经历量表修订版韩语版（K - ECRS）和竞争状态焦虑量表 - 2（CSAI - 2）。
在卡方检验中，与普通学生中观察到的恐惧型、痴迷型和疏离型顺序相比，运动员的依恋类型按流行程度排序为：恐惧型、疏离型和痴迷型。在参数独立t检验中，运动员报告的认知焦虑得分显著高于普通学生。此外，与安全依恋的运动员相比，不安全依恋的运动员报告的认知焦虑得分和自信得分更高。在不安全依恋的运动员组和不安全依恋的普通学生组中，K - ECRS焦虑子量表与CSAI - 2总分显著相关。在不安全依恋的运动员组的事后分析中，K - ECRS焦虑子量表也与CSAI - 2认知焦虑子量表显著相关。
这些结果表明，具有不安全依恋风格的焦虑型运动员往往会夸大来自外部和内部的威胁，这会对他们的表现产生负面影响。
