1Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; and 2Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013 Dec;45(12):2369-77. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31829d27de.
Parents play a critical role in shaping children's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors, including those around physical activity and inactivity. Our ability to identify which practices effectively promote children's physical activity and limit inactivity is limited by existing measurement instruments. This project will present a newly developed physical activity parenting practices survey, the psychometric properties of this survey's scales, and their association with child physical activity and screen time behaviors.
A sample of 324 parents with 2- to 5-yr-old children from central North Carolina completed a series of questionnaires, including this newly developed survey of physical activity parenting practices. Child physical activity was assessed by ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers and parent report. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify physical activity parenting practice constructs, and Pearson correlation was used to explore relations between constructs and child physical activity.
Fourteen parent practices used to either control or support children's physical activity or screen time were identified. Limits on screen time (r = -0.44), use of screen time to control behavior (r = 0.23), exposure to TV (r = 0.33), and parent modeling of physical activity (r = 0.37) were all significantly associated with children's TV viewing. Use of physical activity to control child behavior was significantly associated with time spent outside (r = 0.15) and minutes of moderate or vigorous physical activity (r = 0.16). Several supportive practices were associated with time outside (+) and TV time (-).
Results provide support for this new measure of physical activity parenting practices and identify several practices that are clearly associated with child physical activity.
父母在塑造孩子的态度、信念和行为方面起着至关重要的作用，包括与身体活动和不活动有关的行为。我们识别哪些实践可以有效促进儿童的身体活动和限制不活动的能力受到现有测量工具的限制。本项目将介绍一种新开发的身体活动养育实践调查，该调查的量表的心理测量学特性，以及它们与儿童身体活动和屏幕时间行为的关联。
北卡罗来纳州中部的 324 名 2-5 岁儿童的父母完成了一系列问卷，包括这项新开发的身体活动养育实践调查。儿童身体活动通过 ActiGraph GT3X 加速度计和家长报告进行评估。采用探索性因素分析确定身体活动养育实践的构建，采用皮尔逊相关探索构建与儿童身体活动之间的关系。
确定了 14 种用于控制或支持儿童身体活动或屏幕时间的父母实践。限制屏幕时间（r = -0.44）、使用屏幕时间来控制行为（r = 0.23）、暴露于电视（r = 0.33）和父母身体活动的榜样作用（r = 0.37）均与儿童看电视显著相关。使用身体活动来控制孩子的行为与户外活动时间（r = 0.15）和中等到剧烈身体活动时间（r = 0.16）显著相关。一些支持性的实践与户外活动时间（+）和电视时间（-）有关。
结果为这种新的身体活动养育实践测量方法提供了支持，并确定了一些与儿童身体活动明显相关的实践。
